Praxis 5025 Questions and Answers Rated A

Praxis 5025 Questions and Answers Rated A Phonics The study of the acoustical in articulatory characteristics of human speech sounds Phonological awareness Refers to the awareness of the sounds that make up a spoken language. It is an understanding of the relationship between spoken and written language. Phonological awareness Focuses on the awareness of speech sounds, which young children to develop and learn before they learn to read. Phonemic awareness Refers to the awareness of the individual phonemes or speech sounds used in the child's native language, which the child hears in the language spoken by adults and older children around them in their environment. Phonics The instructional method used to establish the alphabetic principle and teach skills for decoding and encoding. Alphabetic principle The concept of sound to letter correspondence. Decoding Breaking words down to their component sounds/letters. Encoding Blending/combining individual sounds/letters to form words. Phonology Is concerned with the rules for the combinations of speech sounds with in a given language. Morphology Focuses on the smallest structure/grammatical units that can convey or affect meaning. Semantics Focuses on the meaning of morphine's, words, and sentences. Syntax Refers to sentence structure and word order, and is related to a language's rules for correctly combining morphemes and words into suffixes/inflections, sentences, questions, imperatives, etc. Pragmatics Sexes own rules for using language appropriately in various situations. How to speak at home versus how to speak at school or work. Reciprocal instructional approaches Asking open ended questions that enable two-way/three-way responses. CAR teaching strategy Comment, ask, and respond. Real conversations Conversations that interest the child and consist of three or four exchanges between the child and the adult. English as a second language stages The first stage preproduction the first six months of learning. ESL second stage Early production stage six months to one year into learning Limited English comprehension. They can add her one or two word answers, essential words, I mail your phrases, and present tense verbs ESL 3rd stage speech emergence stage last from 1 to 3 years into learning. Children comprehend English well, and can speak simple sentences but still make mistakes in pronunciation and grammar. ESL 4th stage Intermediate fluency begins about three years into the language acquisition process and extends to the fifth year. Children have attained excellent English listening comprehension, and do not make grammatical errors. ESL 5th stage Advanced fluency children's English-language proficiency is similar to that of a native English speaker. Children typically reach the stage between five and seven years after they start learning English. ZPD Zone of proximal development used in ESL training. Providing