AIR METHODS TRAUMA TEST |51 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS|GUARANTEED SUCCESS

1.) You are transporting a patient who was involved in a MVC and suffered blunt chest trauma. Which of the following would indicate the presence of a tension pneumothorax rather than a simple pneumothorax? a. Hyperresonance on the injured side b. Decreased or absent lung sounds on the injured side c. Acute dyspnea and tachypnea d. Tracheal deviation with a shift toward the uninjured side e. All of the above e. All of the above 2.) You respond to a MVC for a 4-year-old patient who was thrown from the car. The child is in respiratory distress. The flight crew decides that the child needs to be intubated. The appropriate endotracheal tube size for this patient is: a. 4.0 b. 4.5 c. 5.0 d. 5.5 c. 5.0 3.) You are called to transport a 24-year-old female who was involved in a MVC and has a diagnosis of pregnancy induced hypertension. She was initially transported by EMS to a community hospital. While there, she began to experience acute elevations in blood pressure which the facility treated with hydralazine, a magnesium bolus, and a magnesium infusion at 3 grams per hour. In transport you note the following: BP — 90/40, HR 78, RR — 6, with absent deep tendon reflexes. Appropriate treatment would include: a. Fluid bolus b. Narcan c. Calcium Gluconate d. Potassium infusion c. Calcium Gluconate 4.) You respond to a hospital to transport a patient who fell while riding a horse. During your assessment you note a decrease in the respiratory drive of tie patient. You suspect this may be due to a spinal cord injury at what level? a. C4 b. T1 c. L1 d.S2 a. C4 5.) You arrive on scene of a MVC involving a female victim who is 36 weeks pregnant. During your assessment you note the fetal heart rate is 190 beats per minute. A normal fetal heart rate should be between beats per minute: a. 100 & 140 b. 120 & 160 c. 140 & 180 d. 160 & 200 b. 120 & 160 6.) You are transporting a patient who was suffered a closed head injury during a motorcycle crash. During the transport you notice the following: HR 48, BP 220/110, GCS 3, Left pupil 5 mm non reactive. The most appropriate intervention would be controlled hyperventilation to an endpoint of: a. Respiratory rate greater than 30/min. b. Tidal volume greater than 800cc c. 02 sat. greater than 96% d. EtC02 level 30-35 mmHg d. EtC02 level 30-35 mmHg 7.) What treatment is NOT indicated in the routine management of the above patient? a. Administration of 100% oxygen b. Fluid resuscitation to a MAP of 80 mmHg systolic if the patient is hypotensive c. Maintaining EtC02 at 25 mmHg d. Stabilization of the cervical spine c. Maintaining EtC02 at 25 mmHg 8.) You are called to transport a patient with an open femur fracture. Bone fragments are protruding through the skin, despite application of a traction splint by EMS providers. The foot on the affected side is warm and pink, with intact sensation. The flight crewmember should: a. Continue to pull traction until the bone fragments are no longer visible. b. Apply a moist dressing to the wound and give pain management as necessary. c. Discontinue the traction splint d. Push the bone fragments in. b. Apply a moist dressing to the wound and give pain management as necessary. 9.) You are called to transport a patient from the scene. EMS has found the patient lying on the side of the road. You suspect a head injury with an increase in the ICP. Which of the following sets of vitals is most compatible with the diagnosis of isolated head injury with increased ICP? a. 80/60, HR 50 b. 80/60, HR 130 c. 170/100, HR 50 d. 170/100, HR 130 c. 170/100, HR 50 10.) You are called to respond for an unresponsive pediatric patient. While enroute, EMS reports that you are responding for a pediatric patient that has fallen from a height of 10 feet. Based on your knowledge of mechanism of injury, you anticipate treatment may include: a. Spinal Immobilization b. Rapid Sequence Induction c. Large bore vascular access d. All of the above d. All of the above 11.) In the unconscious patient who has sustained trauma, which of the following is the best method to open the airway: a. Head tilt b. Modified jaw thrust c. Neck flexion d. Neck lift b. Modified jaw thrust 12.) Which of the following is the least efficient means of determining the presence of shock during the initial assessment of the injured child? a. Blood pressure b. Capillary refill c. Comparing brachial and radial pulses d. Rate/quality of peripheral pulses a. Blood pressure 13.) What is the most common cause of preventable trauma death in the injured adult patient? a. Airway obstruction b. Cardiac tamponade c. Hemorrhagic shock d. Spinal injury c. Hemorrhagic shock 14.) A 34-year-old man has a GSW to the right groin area. Arterial bleeding, which cannot be controlled with direct pressure, is coming from the wound. The patient is confused, diaphoretic, and has weak peripheral pulses. What is the appropriate initial intravenous management of this patient? a. Crystalloid KVO b. Hypertonic saline boluses to maintain adequate perfusion c. Crystalloid fluid boluses to maintain adequate perfusion d. pRBCs c. Crystalloid fluid boluses to maintain adequate perfusion 15.) You respond to the scene of a multiple car MVC to transport a 4-year-old with multiple injuries. Upon arrival, the ground crew has obtained I0 access and is initiating the first fluid bolus based on a weight of 17 kg. What is the recommended amount of fluid to infuse for this patient? a. 170 cc b. 250 cc c. 500 cc d. 340 cc d. 340 cc 16.) A 30-year-old male comes to the ED with a history of falling off a ladder and hitting his head. He is unconscious briefly, but soon awoke and returned to normal. Over the course of the next hour he becomes confused and then unconscious. On physical exam he has a fixed and dilated pupil. Which of the following injury patterns would you expect this patient to have? a. Epidural bleed b. Subdural bleed c. Intracerebral hemorrhage d. Subarachnoid hemorrhage e. This is a normal finding after a fall a. Epidural bleed 17.) With regard to airway management in cervical spine trauma, which of the following statements is true? a. Lesions above the level of C-5 cause immediate respiratory paralysis b. Cervical injuries may also be associated with airway obstruction resulting from retropharyngeal hemorrhage or edema, as well as associated maxillofacial trauma c. Bag-valve-mask ventilation results in the least amount of neck movement d. Careful nasotracheal intubation with in-line manual traction is the preferred method of airway stabilization b. Cervical injuries may also be associated with airway obstruction resulting from retropharyngeal hemorrhage or edema, as well as associated maxillofacial trauma 18.) Patients with blunt chest trauma and rib fractures who undergo mechanical ventilation can develop a tension pneumothorax. The earliest sign of this complication is: a. Distended neck veins b. Higher peak inspiratory pressures c. Cyanosis d. Tracheal deviation b. Higher peak inspiratory pressures 19.) You are called to a car accident where a 31-year-old female has been ejected and thrown onto the sidewalk after hitting a parked car. Assessment reveals she is unconscious, failing to respond to verbal or painful stimuli, has shallow respirations, at a rate of 32, and a weak pulse rate of 138. You note gurgling respirations, and significant trauma to her mouth and lower face, making manipulation of the jaw impossible. You have been unsuccessful at intubation due to the inability to manipulate the jaw. To secure an airway in this patient, the flight crew member should immediately: a. insert a backup airway device. b. perform an emergency cricothyrotomy c. insert an oropharyngeal airway d. continue to attempt orotracheal intubation b. perform an emergency cricothyrotomy 20.) You are transporting a patient with a suspected pneumothorax. Once at altitude you notice marked increase in the patient respiratory rate and increased difficulty of breathing. You decide that a needle thoracostomy is indicated. The correct location for inserting a needle into the chest for relieving a tension pneumothorax is: a. 1st or 2nd intercostal space in the midaxillary line b. 2nd or 3rd intercostal space in the midclavicular line c. 6th intercostal space in the midclavicular line d. 5th or 6th intercostal space in the midclavicular line b. 2nd or 3rd intercostal space in the midclavicular line