ACLS POST-TEST (2023) |50 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

A 48-year-old man became unresponsive shortly after presenting to you with nausea and generalized chest discomfort. You observe gasping breathing and are unsure if you feel a pulse. You should know: A. Call for help and begin chest compressions. B. Wait until breathing stops and then check again for a pulse. C. Begin chest compressions only if you are certain a pulse is absent. D. Observe the patient for 2 minutes, then reassess his breathing and pulse. A. Call for help and begin chest compressions. Which of the following is the most likely complication of inferior wall myocardial infarction (MI)? A. Cardiogenic shock B. Ventricular rupture C. Bradydysrhythmias D. Tachydysrhythmias C. Bradydysrhythmias A 52-year-old man is complaining of palpitations that came on suddenly after walking up a short flight of stairs. His symptoms have been present for about 20 minutes. He denies chest pain and is not short of breath. His skin is warm and dry; breath sounds are clear. His blood pressure (BP) is 144/88 millimeters of mercury (mm Hg), his heart rate is 186 beats per minute (beats/min), and his ventilatory rate is 18 breaths/min. The cardiac monitor reveals the rhythm here. Vascular access has been established. Which of the following medications is most appropriate in this situation? A. Dopamine or sotalol B. Furosemide or atropine C. Nitroglycerin (NTG) or morphine D. Procainamide or amiodarone D. Procainamide or amiodarone Your general impression of a 78-year-old woman reveals that her eyes are closed, she is not moving, you can see no rise and fall of her chest or abdomen, and her skincolor is pale. When you arrive at the patient's side, you confirm that she is unresponsive. Your best action in this situation will be to: A. Open her airway and give two breaths. B. Apply an automated external defibrillator (AED). C. Assess breathing and determine whether she has a pulse. D. Prepare the necessary equipment to insert an advanced airway. C. Assess breathing and determine whether she has a pulse. A 60-year-old woman has suffered a cardiac arrest. A health care professional trained in endotracheal intubation has intubated the patient. Which of the following findings would indicate inadvertent esophageal intubation? A. Jugular vein distention B. Subcutaneous emphysema C. Gurgling sounds heard over the epigastrium D. Breath sounds heard on only one side of the chest C. Gurgling sounds heard over the epigastrium Hypotension (ie, a systolic BP of less than 90 mm Hg) after the return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) may necessitate the use of: A. Fluid boluses and isoproterenol. B. Procainamide, epinephrine, or dopamine. C. Epinephrine, dopamine, or norepinephrine. D. Fluid boluses, procainamide, and isoproterenol. C. Epinephrine, dopamine, or norepinephrine. Which of the following is incorrect with regard to a postevent debriefing? A. The facilitator should use open-ended questions to encourage discussion. B. Team members are encouraged to identify lessons learned in a nonpunitive environment. C. The gather phase of the debriefing includes a comparison of the team's actions with current resuscitation algorithms. D. Team members are given an opportunity to reflect on their performance and how their performance can be improved. C. The gather phase of the debriefing includes a comparison of the team's actions with current resuscitation algorithms. Assuming there are no contraindications, which of the following can be performed as an initial intervention for a stable but symptomatic patient with the rhythm shown? A. Defibrillation B. Vagal maneuvers C. Administration of intravenous (IV) diltiazem D. Administration of IV epinephrine B. Vagal maneuvers A 62-year-old man received IV tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) 2 hours ago after a diagnosis of acute ischemic stroke. While assessing the patient's vital signs, you observe swelling of the patient's lips and tongue. Your best course of action will be to: A. Administer aspirin and IV heparin. B. Administer IV antihistamines and steroids. C. Observe and reassess the patient every 15 minutes. D. Request an emergent brain computed tomography scan. B. Administer IV antihistamines and steroids. During a cardiac arrest, multiple attempts to establish a peripheral IV have proved unsuccessful. Your best course of action at this time will be to: A. Insert a central line. B. Attempt intraosseous access. C. Discontinue resuscitation efforts. D. Continue peripheral IV attempts until successful. B. Attempt intraosseous access. Synchronized cardioversion: A. Is used only for atrial dysrhythmias. B. Delivers a shock during ventricular depolarization. C. Delivers a shock between the peak and end of the T wave. D. Is used only for rhythms with a ventricular rate of less than 60 beats/min. B. Delivers a shock during ventricular depolarization. An 84-year-old man presents with an acute onset of altered mental status. The cardiac monitor shows the rhythm here. The patient's BP is 58/30 mm Hg andhis ventilatory rate is 14 breaths/min. His skin is cool, moist, and pale. His blood oxygen saturation level (SpO2) on room air is 95%. An IV has been established. On the basis of the information provided, your best course of action will be to: A. Prepare for transcutaneous pacing. B. Give amiodarone 300 mg IV push. C. Give epinephrine 1 mg IV bolus and reassess. D. Observe the patient and monitor for signs of deterioration. A. Prepare for transcutaneous pacing. Paramedics are on the scene with a 55-year-old man who is complaining of severe chest discomfort. He describes his discomfort as a "heavy pressure" in the middle of his chest that has been present for about 1 hour. Which of the following actions performed at the scene is most likely to reduce subsequent treatment delays at the hospital? A. Giving aspirin B. Obtaining a 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) C. Assessing vital signs and oxygen saturation D. Assessing the patient's degree of discomfort B. Obtaining a 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) Paramedics are on the scene with a 55-year-old man who is complaining of severe chest discomfort. He describes his discomfort as a "heavy pressure" in the middle of his chest that has been present for about 1 hour. The patient rates his discomfort 9/10. His BP is 126/72 mm Hg and ventilations 14 breaths/min. His SpO2 on room air is 95%. The cardiac monitor shows a sinus rhythm at 60 beats/min. Immediate management of this patient should include: A. Giving aspirin and NTG. B. Establishing IV access and giving aspirin. C. Administering oxygen and establishing IV access. D. Administering oxygen and obtaining a targeted history. B. Establishing IV access and giving aspirin. Paramedics are on the scene with a 55-year-old man who is complaining of severe chest discomfort. He describes his discomfort as a "heavy pressure" in the middle of his chest that has been present for about 1 hour. Current guidelines recommend obtaining an initial 12-lead ECG within ____ of patient contact when an acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is suspected. A. 10 minutes B. 30 minutes C. 45 minutes D. 60 minutes A. 10 minutes Paramedics are on the scene with a 55-year-old man who is complaining of severe chest discomfort. He describes his discomfort as a "heavy pressure" in the middle of his chest that has been present for about 1 hour. When the patient's 12-lead ECG is reviewed, the results should be used to classify the patient into one of three groups.Which of the following correctly reflects these categories? A. ST elevation (STE), normal ECG, Q waves B. Q waves, ST depression (STD), inconclusive ECG C. STD, normal ECG, inconclusive ECG D. STE, STD, normal or nondiagnostic ECG D. STE, STD, normal or nondiagnostic ECG Paramedics are on the scene with a 55-year-old man who is complaining of severe chest discomfort. He describes his discomfort as a "heavy pressure" in the middle of his chest that has been present for about 1 hour. A 12-lead ECG has been obtained. The patient's 12-lead ECG shows: A. STE in leads II, III, and aVF. B. STD in leads I, II, III, and aVL. C. STE in leads I, aVL, and V2 to V6. D. STD in leads V1, V4, V5, and V6. C. STE in leads I, aVL, and V2 to V6. Paramedics are on the scene with a 55-year-old man who is complaining of severe chest discomfort. He describes his discomfort as a "heavy pressure" in the middle of his chest that has been present for about 1 hour. To be considered significant, ECG findings, such as STE or STD, need to be viewed in two or more contiguous leads. Which of the following are contiguous leads? A. V1, V4, and V5 B. V2, V3, and V4 C. III, aVF, and V1 D. I, II, III, and aVL B. V2, V3, and V4