NURS 1015 Gerontological Fall 2022 Exam 1 + 2 + FINAL EXAM lectures/notes

NURS 1015 Gerontological Fall 2022 Exam 1 + 2 + FINAL EXAM lectures/notes health promotion strategies -request non-child medicine cups -encourage use of 1 pharmacy. the pharmacist should have a list of all drugs taken - OTC, herbs, prescribed. An informed pharmacist can conduct a review of all drugs to ensure appropriate therapy. -primary prevention - aimed at optimizing health and wellness. focus is on education: optimal nutrition, exercise, vaccinations, injury prevention, hygiene + sanitation, avoiding harmful substances, stress management, safe living/work environments -secondary prevention ; identifying a disease at its earliest stage - through screening - to initiate treatment and decrease the chance of the disease developing any further or worsening -tertiary prevention - minimizing effects of disease and disability through adherence to medication, nutrition, exercise and disease management -promoting biological wellness - through exercises social wellness - through activities that require interactions with people, pets or both functional wellness - through physical environments that promote healing and encourage the patient to be active environmental wellness - through the creation of living spaces that promote healthy aging. ex: street lighting, community garden psychosocial wellness - identifying potential threats for that patient spiritual wellness - a sense that ones life has meaning; connection with God/world/others - good communication is important for nurses dealing with elders -beers criteria - list of meds that are "potentially inappropriate" for the elder - be on alert for signs and symptoms of autoimmune diseases -work with the patient and the patient's family/friends to increase drug regimen adherence obstacles of elder health and wellness -pharmacodynamic responses to drugs change with aging because of the # of receptor sites, which can affect the affinity of drugs -polypharmacy - the use of more drugs than needed; its usually described as the use of more than 5 drugs or more which can be dangerous -ADE(adverse drug events) - unintended/undesired negative effects of drugs at a normal dose. types: 1) adverse drug reactions (ADR), 2) medication errors, 3) therapeutic failures, 4) adverse drug withdrawal events, 5) overdoses. older adults have multiple risk factors for ADE. to minimize this: "start slow, go slow, but go" -adherence to drug regimen; elders fail to ask questions during appts with health care providers which leads to drug regimens not being fully understood/followed. education +proper communication with elders + help from family/friends fixes this. -list of barriers: taking too many drugs at different times failure to understand the reason for a drug impaired memory decreased mobility/dexterity visual/hearing disturbances high cost of meds side effects of adverse reactions from drugs -elderspeak - patronizing speech; associated with lower levels of communication ability, social isolation, increased dependence and cognitive decline -medication-herb interactions -medication-food interactions -medication-medication interactions -heart disease