Principles of Nutrition Final Exam questions and answers latest top score.

Principles of Nutrition Final Exam questions and answers latest top score. The compound that supplies energy but cannot promote growth or repair. - correct answers.Alcohol The red flags that can help you to identify questionable nutrition claims. - correct answers.-Promoter claims that the medical establishment is against him or her and the govt. won't accept this new "alternative" treatment. -The promoter uses testimonials and anecdotes from satisfied customers to support claim. -Uses a computer-scored questionnaire for diagnosing "nutrient" deficiencies. -Claims product will make weight loss easy. -Promises the product is made with a "secret formula" Five of the leading causes of death that have been linked to dietary intake. - correct answers.Heart disease Cancer Stroke Diabetes Hypertension The six classes of nutrients, which ones provide energy (calories), and how many calories they provide per gram.** - correct answers.Carbohydrate 4 cal/gm Protein 4 cal/gram Fat 9 cal/gram Vitamins Minerals Water The four factors that work together to determine a person's likelihood of suffering from a degenerative disease.** - correct answers.Heredity (genetics) Environment Social factors Lifestyle (behavior) Which nutrients provide energy? - correct answers.Carbohydrate Fat Protein Which nutrients do not provide energy? - correct answers.Vitamins Minerals Water Facts about the DRI: - correct answers.-Based on the latest scientific evidence from the National Academy of Sciences -For healthy people -Separate recommendations for genders and age groups -Used to evaluate diets for groups How the RDA is set for vitamins and minerals: - correct answers.Covers nutrient needs of 98% of the population The DRI for physical activity to reduce the risk of chronic disease: - correct answers.2 hours and 30 minutes each week The DRI for energy nutrients - correct answers.Carbohydrates 45-65% Fats 20-35% Protein 10-35% Equivalents of Grains:** - correct answers.1 oz. is about 1 slice of bread, about 1 cup of breakfast cereal or 1/2 cup of cooked rice, cereal, or pasta. Equivalents of Dairy Products:** - correct answers.1 cup= 1 1/2 oz. natural cheese, or 2 oz. processed cheese. Equivalents of Protein Foods:** - correct answers.1 oz.= 1 oz. meat, poultry, or fish; 1/4 cup cooked dry beans; 1 egg; 1 tbsp peanut butter; 1/2 oz. nuts/seeds. The body systems for which carbohydrates are the preferred energy source. - correct answers.Brain Nervous system Nutrients added to enriched grains. - correct answers.Thiamin Niacin Riboflavin Folate Iron The difference between starch and fiber. - correct answers.Fiber cannot be digested by human enzymes. The heath benefits of fiber. - correct answers.Obesity Digestive tract disorders Colon cancer Diabetes Heart disease The DRI committee's recommendation for added sugars in the diet. - correct answers.25% or less of total calories The number of servings of grains that should be whole grains. - correct answers.Half What happens to glucose after it has been absorbed. - correct answers.-It is used to fuel the cells -It is stored as glycogen in the muscles and liver -It is stored as fat What a person should eat to replenish blood glucose. - correct answers.A balanced meal containing foods that offer carbohydrates, protein, and fat. The functions of fats in the body: - correct answers.-Provide a concentrated source of energy to fuel the body's work. -Serve as the body's chief energy reserve -From the major components of cell membranes -Nourish skin and hair -Insulate the body from extremes of temperature -Cushion the vital organ to protect them from shock. -Provide raw materials for body compounds such as bile and vitamin D. The functions of fats in foods: - correct answers.-Provide calories -Provide satiety -Carry fat-soluble vitamins and essential fatty acids. -Contribute aroma and flavor. The number of calorie that a pound of body fat is worth - correct answers.3500 The three categories of lipids: - correct answers.Triglycerides Phospholipids Sterols The major lipids in foods and in the human body - correct answers.Triglycerides The differences between saturated and unsaturated fats: - correct answers.-Bonds between carbons -Saturated usually solid at room temperature -Saturated usually from animal sources The effects of omega-3 fatty acids in the body: - correct answers.-Reduced inflammation in arthritis and asthma -Reduced rates of heart disease -Reduced risk of some cancers The effects hydrogenation has on oils: - correct answers.-Reduces spoilage -Makes it harder -Trans fat formed The leading risk factors for heart disease: - correct answers.-High LDL -Low HDL -High blood pressure -Cigarette smoking -Obesity -Physical Inactivity -Diabetes -Unhealthy diet The effects of various kinds of fats on blood lipids and their food sources: - correct answers.-Saturated Fats: increases total cholesterol; Increases LDL-cholesterol. -Polyunsaturated Fat: Decrease total cholesterol; decrease LDL-cholesterol; Decrease HDL-cholesterol -Monounsaturated Fats: Decrease total cholesterol; decrease LDL-cholesterol without decreasing HDL-cholesterol. -Omega-3 Fat: Decrease total cholesterol; decrease LDL-cholesterol; increase HDL-cholesterol; decrease triglycerides -Trans fat: increases total cholesterol; increases LDL-cholesterol. The current recommendation for cholesterol level in the blood: - correct answers.<200 The most powerful influence on raising HDL-cholesterol levels: - correct answers.Regular physical activity The functions of protein: - correct answers.-Building material -Body structures -Enzymes -Hormones -Antibodies -Fluid balance -Acid-base balance -Transportation -Energy The element found in all proteins, but not in carbohydrates or fats: - correct answers.Nitrogen The definition of essential amino acids: - correct answers.Amino acids that cannot be synthesized by the body or synthesized in amounts sufficient to meet needs. Why carbohydrate and fat are said to be "protein sparing": - correct answers.They are consumed in sufficient quantity to spare proteins for their important functions. What happens if the diet is lacking an essential amino acid? - correct answers.Synthesis of that protein cannot continue. The way protein quality is determined. - correct answers.Essential amino acid content in relationship to need. Complete Proteins - correct answers.Contains all essential amino acids in the right proportion relative to need