HESI HEALTH ASSESSMENT EXAM TEST

HESI HEALTH ASSESSMENT EXAM TEST The nurse is caring for a patient with chronic lower back pain. The nurse knows that the most reliable indicator of pain in this client is: The patient is reporting "6/10" pain. The patient is refusing to get out of bed. The patient is refusing to eat breakfast. The patient's heart rate is 90 beats per minute. - CORRECT ANSWER-A Which of the following actions should the nurse take to ensure an accurate blood pressure (BP) reading? Ensure the width of the BP cuff is equal to 80% of the arm circumference. Ensure the client's back is supported and feet are flat on the ground. Take two BP readings 20 seconds apart. Ensure that the patient's arm is above heart level. - CORRECT ANSWER-B The patient's arm should be supported at heart level. Separate BP readings may need to be taken, but not one right after the other. The length of the BP bladder should equal 80% of the arm circumferen The nurse obtains which piece of data during the general survey? Client is alert and calm. Client's heart rate is 80 beats per minute. Client's body mass index (BMI) is 30. Client's lung sounds are "clear" to auscultation. - CORRECT ANSWER-A A man is at the clinic for a complete physical exam. He states that he is "very anxious". What steps can the nurse take to make him more comfortable? Appear confident and unhurried during the exam. Measure vital signs at the end to allow the patient sufficient time to relax. Let him leave his clothes on during the examination. Obtain another nurse to examine the patient. - CORRECT ANSWER-A A father brings his 13 month-old child in for "fever" and he reports that the child has been "pulling on his left ear". Upon entering the exam room, the child is asleep in the father's arms. The nurse should perform which assessment first? Use the otoscope to look inside the ear. Use a penlight to check the eyes and nose. Auscultate the lungs, heart, and abdomen. Assess gross motor skills using the Denver II screening tool. - CORRECT ANSWER-C An 18 year-old presents to the emergency department with "headache." Which of these assessment findings alerts the nurse to recent opioid use? Pupillary constriction Hallucinations. Fever. Tachypnea. - CORRECT ANSWER-A- constricted pupils are a sign of recent opioid use, the rest are withdrawals While collecting the pulse on a 26 year-old client, the nurse notes that the heart rate seems to speed up and then slow down in accordance with respirations. The pulse is counted at 80 beats per minute. What should the nurse do next? Obtain orthostatic vital signs. Notify the physician. Document "sinus arrhythmia." Use a doppler to confirm the finding. - CORRECT ANSWER-C An elderly client with pneumonia is being treated in the intensive care unit (ICU). He is acutely agitated, restless, and disoriented. The nurse documents his level of consciousness as: Manic. Demented. Drowsy. Delirious. - CORRECT ANSWER-D The nurse is assessing a newborn infant. How should the nurse measure the heart rate (HR)? Palpate the radial pulse for 15 seconds and multiply by four. Palpate the brachial pulse for 30 seconds and multiply by two. Auscultate the apical site for 60 seconds. Apply a pulse oximeter to obtain both the HR and SpO2. - CORRECT ANSWER-C A 28 year-old is brought to the emergency department. He is disoriented and hallucinating, and vital signs are elevated. The nurse suspects that the patient is experiencing withdrawal symptoms from which substance? Alcohol. Cocaine. Cannabis. Opiates. - CORRECT ANSWER-A- hallucinations and delirium are commonly seen w alcohol withdrawal When evaluating the temperature of older adults, the nurse should remember which aspect about an older adult's body temperature? Fever is a reliable sign of infection in older adults. The older adult's body temperature varies widely because of the thinner subcutaneous layer. There are no differences in temperature between a young and old adult. Older adults body temperature runs lower than that of an adult. - CORRECT ANSWERD Which error may result in a falsely low blood pressure (BP) reading? The patient has a full bladder. The arm is held above the level of the heart. The cuff size is too small for the client. The BP cuff is wrapped loosely around the arm. - CORRECT ANSWER-B- at heart level During a general survey of a post-operative patient, the nurse notes that the patient's eyes are closed but they temporarily open with loud verbal stimulus and a gentle shake to the shoulder. The nurse documents his level of consciousness as: Alert. Somnolent. Stuporous. Obtunded. - CORRECT ANSWER-D A 46-year-old male presents to the Emergency Department with syncope. He says his cardiologist recently placed him on a new medication for his blood pressure (BP). What should the nurse do first? Obtain orthostatic vital signs. Educate the patient on homeopathic methods to control his BP. Administer a fluid bolus. Advise the patient to stop taking this medication. - CORRECT ANSWER-A As a mandatory reporter, the nurse notifies the authorities with which of the following? Suspicion of child or elder abuse/neglect. Proof of substance abuse in minors. Any bruising on a child or older adult. Proof of intimate partner violence. - CORRECT ANSWER-A A 50 year-old patient is in the intensive care unit (ICU) with septic shock. The nurse receives an order to notify the provider if the patient's mean arterial pressure (MAP) is <60 mmHg. What does the nurse understand to be true? A MAP >60 is needed to maintain adequate tissue perfusion. MAP can only be obtained by using a noninvasive blood pressure (NIBP) monitor. MAP is the average of the systolic and diastolic pressures. A MAP of 40-60 mmHg indicates that the stroke volume is adequate. - CORRECT ANSWER-A An adult patient presents to the E.D. with "vaginal bleeding" and dizziness. Level of consciousness is decreased. The nurse prioritizes collecting which vital signs? Respiratory rate and temperature. Body mass index (BMI). Weight and oxygen saturation. Heart rate and blood pressure. - CORRECT ANSWER-D A 40 year-old patient with hypertension (HTN) presents to the internal medicine clinic for an initial visit. When obtaining the patient's blood pressure (BP), how should the nurse proceed? Cuff should be inflated to the exact point at which the palpated pulse disappeared. Cuff should be inflated to about 200 mmHg and then slowly deflated. Cuff should be inflated about 20-30 mmHg above the palpated systolic BP. Cuff should be inflated 30 mm Hg above the patient's pulse rate. - CORRECT ANSWER-C A patient presents to the clinic with "abdominal pain." The nurse asks all of the following questions during a full pain assessment, except: "When did this pain begin?" "What does your pain feel like?" "Point to where it hurts the most."