SCIE 326 Unit 11 Exam Questions And Answers Already Graded A+

Describe the relationship between symmetries, distinctions, and the principle of the identity of indiscernibles. - Similarities are established through the concept of symmetry. Two things are similar if they are in some way the same and if they come under a single name. This is recognized as symmetry which is a "likeness of measure". Distinction can be described as the information consisting of differences that make a difference. The principle of the identity of indiscernibles states that two things that cannot be in any way distinguished from each other are to be considered identical. Thus, the concepts of symmetry and distinction are fundamental to this principle. 2.Many organic compounds in nature come in both right-handed (dextro) and left-handed (levo) forms, yet all life is based only on the left-handed form.[248] When organic compounds are found in nature, they are almost always of the left-handed form, but when they are prepared in the laboratory, half are left-handed and half are right-handed. Furthermore, the difference between the two forms can be determined by the way that solutions containing them refract light. Based on this information, suggest a solution for the following problem facing Sherlock Holmes: Martha Weatherby died after eating a soup containing some mushrooms that may have been poisonous. Holmes suspects, however, that the soup was artificially doped with a synthetic mushroom poison concocted by her husband, the fiendish chemist Walter Willingdon Weatherby. How is he to determine whether his suspicion is correct? - Holmes would need to take a sample of the soup and isolate the specific mushroom compounds. He would need to test the compounds with a refractometer (There will certainly be more than one) and see how many compounds in the mushroom are right handed versus left handed. A synthetic poison would only contain the poisonous compound of the mushroom. If the mushroom is left handed, all of the compounds will be left handed. If all of the compounds are left handed besides the poison, he will know that the soup was tampered with. Listed below are three different categories of psychological traits on which individuals can be measured. People who score high on one trait will tend to score high on other traits in the same category, suggesting that all traits in a category are related to a single, underlying variable. By considering the traits in each category, suggest possible type names for the three categories. Make these names as descriptive as possible of what you think might be the underlying variable. Category 1: visualization; speed of recognition; spatial scanning; recognition of embedded figures; spatial relations; memory for designs; associative memoryCategory 2: deduction; induction; number recognition; syllogistic reasoning; verbal comprehension Category 3: use of synonyms; associational fluency; expressional fluency; facility with words; originality - Category 1: Spatial Reasoning Category 2: Ways of Understanding Category 3: Articulation Phylogenetic tree - A phylogenetic tree or evolutionary tree is a branching diagram or "tree" showing the inferred evolutionary relationships among various biological species or other entities—their phylogeny—based upon similarities and differences in their physical or genetic characteristics. The taxa joined together in the tree are implied to have descended from a common ancestor. Formula for estimating divergence - Count of mutations X rate of mutations (years)= Years of divergence What three properties or structural criteria are necessary for a typology? - 1. Clear Boundaries 2. Completeness 3. Exclusive types What does classification mean? - The noun "classification" refers to a system of categories and labels constructed for some purpose. A classification may be natural or artificial