Urinary BVETMED1 (D100)

URINARY
THE URINARY SYSTEM OVERVIEW
Describe the structure of the components of the urinary system
Discuss the principal functions of the urinary system
Understand how the nephron provides the essential functions of filtration, reabsorption and secretion
Discuss the urinary system's contribution to the regulation of plasma volume and electrolyte homeostasis and
the endocrine oversight of these processes

, ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY OF THE URINARY SYSTEM
List the main functions of the kidneys
Describe the components of the urinary system and its general topographic anatomy
Describe the gross internal structure of the kidney and ureter
List the subunits of the nephron
Describe the structure of the renal corpuscle
Describe the process of filtration in the renal corpuscle
Briefly describe the function of the proximal convoluted tubule
Describe the four basic membrane transport mechanisms

Functions of kidney
- Elimination of waste substances from
plasma
- Absorb essential compounds
- Regulate ion levels
- Maintain osmolality
- Regulate plasma volume and blood
pressure
- Produce hormones



Properties
- Heavily vascularised
- Received 25% of cardiac output > 20% filtrate
- All but 1% of the filtrate is reabsorbed
- Occurs every 30mins
- Approx 1 million nephrons in each human kidney




The Nephron
- One single tube
- Modify filtrate along various regions of tube
- Collecting duct, drains apex of medullary
pyramid into the urinary tract
- Each nephron consists of one renal corpuscle
and its tubule