science matters – humber exam |56 questions and answers.

Scientists study meteorites: all of the above Why are the Jovian planets formed from materials different from the terrestrial planets? Gaseous Jovian planets, formed farther away from the heat of the Sun, are formed from light weight nebulae "dust." A comparison of asteroids and terrestrial planets would reveal that both are: relatively rocky and small. According to the nebular hypothesis, the solar system began as: a cloud of dust and gas. The birth of a solar system would look like: . thick dust clouds circling a new star. Using __________ with electromagnetic radiation has been very useful in locating extrasolar planets. the Doppler effect The impact collision theory of the Moon's formation: states that the Earth was struck by a huge object, causing a large amount of mantle material to be blown into orbit. All planets orbit the Sun: in the same direction that that the Sun rotates on its axis. The conservation law in science states that... the amount of energy in an isolated system stays the same. A mountain chain tells you... that you are looking at a place where two tectonic plates are likely in contact. When a meteorite hits Earth, heat is generated. Which of the following statements best describes this process? Gravitational potential energy is converted into heat. The heat island effect in cities creates convection cells: by drawing in cool moist air from the suburbs. We know that earthquakes and volcanoes... can occur predominantly on some locations but almost anytime A Richter magnitude 9 earthquake, compared to a Richter 8 earthquake. has 10 to 30 times the energy. The energy in crude oil derives from what original source? sunlight What is the primary method of heat transfer in a fluid convection Which of the following is an example of the law of unintended consequences in action at the Aral Sea? diverting water to grow cotton According to the equilibrium hypothesis, introducing a new species to an isolated ecosystem will... cause another species to go extinct. how are wind produced . The energy from the Sun and Earth's rotation move the air acid rain is related to combustion of fossil fuels Which term refers to the particular way an organism obtains matter and energy ecological niche Which statement about an ecosystem is correct? . Ecosystems are formed from living and non-living parts. An increase in the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is contributing to... the greenhouse effect How do scientists know if volcanoes are currently the cause for the increased levels of CO2? They measure the isotopic signatures of 13C within the atmospheric CO2. The "primordial soup" of the Miller-Urey experiments contained a dark-brown liquid and amino acids. What is Darwin's "measure of success" in Origin of Species? ability to reproduce fertile offspring The phrase "Deep Time" is associated with Hutton's geological discoveries. What was the negative role that sunlight had in the evolution of early life on earth broke the organic molecule bonds Lord Kelvin's calculation of the age of the Earth (involving the time needed for the Earth to cool down) was in error because he did not account for radioactivity. The Cambrian explosion indicate an increase in fossil evidence of primitive life. Current scientific debates about evolution concern everything below except whether or not evolution exists. "Lucy" and her family were members of what species of hominid? Australopithecus afarensis In a cell, the process of transcription: all of the above Which of the following statements about DNA is not correct RNA is the mirror opposite of DNA. Which does NOT follow from Mendel's work? a. All organisms employ the same genetic code. Transcription of DNA supplies information that runs cell chemistry Why do children resemble their parents? Children's genes are a combination of the base-pair sequence in the genes of both parents. The "double helix" of DNA refers to the. twisting of the ladder-like double strands of bases What did Mendel's genetic model predict? Parents are equally important in the transfer of genetic information. What is a gene? a particular stretch of DNA located on a chromosome What is the difference between in vitro and in vivo gene therapy In vitro is a process completed outside the human body and in vivo takes place inside the human body. Which of the following can damage DNA? all of the above