Elementary Statistics (actual) Exam

Statistics - ANSWER-the science of collecting, organizing, summarizing, and analyzing information to draw conclusions or answer questions. Data - ANSWER-a "fact or proposition used to draw a conclusion or make a decision." Population - ANSWER-The entire group of individuals to be studied. Individual - ANSWER-is a person or object that is a member of the population being studied. Sample - ANSWER-A subset of the population that is being studied. Descriptive statistics - ANSWER-consist of organizing and summarizing data. describe data through numerical summaries, tables, and graphs. Statistic - ANSWER-A numerical summary based on a sample. Inferential Statistics - ANSWER-uses methods that take results from a sample, extends them to the population, and measures the reliability of the result. Parameter - ANSWER-Numerical summary of a population. Suppose the percentage of all students on your campus who have a job is 84.9%. - ANSWER-This value represents a parameter because it is a numerical summary of a population. Suppose a sample of 250 students is obtained, and from this sample we find that 86.4% have a job. - ANSWER-This value represents a statistic because it is a numerical summary based on a sample. Process of statistics 1 - ANSWER-Identify the research objective. Process of statistics 2 - ANSWER-Collect the data needed to answer the questions posed in step 1. Process of statistics 3 - ANSWER-Describe the data. Process of statistics 4 - ANSWER-Perform inference. Variables - ANSWER-the characteristics of the individuals within the population.