Advanced Pathophysiology Exam 1

Advanced Pathophysiology Exam 1 A certain disease is currently found in 1 of every 10 people in the country and 1,000 people contract the disease yearly. The population of the country is 4,500,000. Which of the following statements is correct? a. The prevalence of the disease is 10% and the incidence is .02%. b. The prevalence of the disease is .02% and the incidence is 10%. c. Neither is correct. d. There is insufficient data - (correct answers)A In relation to disease development, the term "etiology" refers to which of the following? r of people with the disease b. cause of the disease c. definition of the disease d. outcome of the disease - (correct answers)B Which of the following is(are) true about "symptoms"? a. objective and measurable b. the same as "signs" c. both of the above d. neither of the above - (correct answers)D In 1992, there were 980 deaths in a Midwestern city with a population of 1,000,000. At the beginning of that year, 900 cases of AIDS existed in this population. During the year, 250 new cases of AIDS were diagnosed, and 75 people died of the disease in 1992. Using the data given above, what was the incidence rate (per 100,000 population) at the end of 1992 for AIDS? a. 6 b. 25 c. 88 d. 116 - (correct answers)B What level of prevention is a blood pressure screening program for high school students who are pregnant? a. primary b. secondary c. tertiary - (correct answers)B Mr. Forbes complains of "indigestion" and becomes sweaty and pale. His wife takes him to the Emergency Department at Northwestern Memorial Hospital. A cardiac catheterization 2 days later shows partial blockage of his right coronary artery (RCA). Blockage of the right coronary artery can lead to myocardial cell injury because it results in which of the following? a. bilirubin accumulation in myocardial cells b. alteration in the genetic material of myocardial cells c. reduced energy production in myocardial cells d. activation of the complement system - (correct answers)C When myocardial cells are injured, the function of the Na-K membrane pump may be impaired. Which of the following may then result? cellular sodium will increase b. extracellular potassium will decrease c. cell volume will decrease d. all of the above - (correct answers)A Mr. Forbes is being prepared for open heart surgery when he suffers a myocardial infarction in which a large part of his left ventricle has suffered lethal cell injury. Mr. Forbes' CPK-MB and LDH1, enzymes associated with myocardial cells, are significantly elevated. What is the best explanation for this? a. It is a sign that necrotic myocardial cells have released their cytoplasmic contents into the blood.