AP Human Geography Exam Review Terms you need to know Rated 100% Correct!!

The five themes of geography - 1) Location 2) Human-environment interactions 3) Region 4) Place 5) Movement Environmental Determinism - The view that the natural environment has a controlling influence over various aspects of human life, including cultural development. Seen as racist because the "ideal environment" was where the wealthy, whites were. Possibilism - The view that human decision making, not the environment, is the crucial factor in cultural development.Views the environment as providing a set of broad constraints that limits the possibilities of human choice. Cultural Determinism - The view that the culture we are raised in determines who we are. Diffusion - The movement of ideas, notions, and innovations. Cultural Diffusion - The expansion and adoption of a cultural element. Expansion Diffusion - The spreading of an innovation or idea through a population in such a way that the number of people influenced grows continually larger. Contagious Diffusion - When an innovation or idea is spread from person to person affecting everyone along the way. (Like a sickness)Hierarchical Diffusion - Spreads through the most connected people in a population, typically beginning in urban areas Ex: New York and Los Angeles. Stimulus Diffusion - When a culture adapts and adopts a cultural trait from another place. The culture takes the general idea and makes it their own in relation to their existing culture. Relocation Diffusion - When an idea is spread through migration. Ex: Colonialism, missionaries, and immigrants. Demographic Transition Model - The 5 stages of a country's development. Populations Pyramids - Graphs that show population of a country by age group. Culture - The way of life of a group of people. Folk Culture - The culture of groups that are usually small, homogeneous, traditional, rural groups living in relative isolation from other groups. Ex: Native American tribes and African villages. Popular Culture - Cultural traits such as dress, diet, and music that identify and are a part of today's changeable, urban based, media influenced, western society. Basically the popular things everyone is doing, wearing, or listening to. Local Culture - A group of people who see themselves as a collective community, share common experiences, customs, and traits. Material Culture - The art, clothing, housing, food, sports, dances, and other items that can be constructed by a group of people. Non material Culture - Beliefs, practices, values, and traditions of a group of people. Not tangible items.Lingua Franca - A common language between speakers of different languages for the purpose of trade and/or commerce.