SLP Praxis Test Questions With Complete Solutions Latest (Graded 100%)

SLP Praxis Test Questions With Complete Solutions Latest (Graded 100%). Which of the following is the most important acoustic cue that distinguishes between an unreleased final /p/ and an unreleased final /b/, as in "cap" vs. "cab" A. Frequency of third formant B. locus frequency of burst C. Voice onset time D. Vocal fundamental frequency E. Duration of the preceding vowel C. Walked - Correct answer-When using Roger Brown's system for computing mean length of utterance in a language sample, which of the following utterances would be scored as having two morphemes? A. Bought B. Doggie C. Walked D. Sticky E. Choo-choo A. The epithelium and superficial lamina propria - Correct answer-Anatomical studies of the human vocal folds and detailed observation of mucosal behavior during phonation has led to the current "cover-body" characterization of the vocal fold. Which of the following is included in the vocal fold cover A. the epithelium and superficial lamina propria B. The epithelium and deep lamina propria C. The intermediate and deep layers of the lamina propria D. The vocalis portion of the thyroarytenoid muscle E. The lamina of the thyroid cartilage A. /b/ for /m/ - Correct answer-Which of the following substitutions is most likely to occur in conjunction with hyponasality? A. /b/ for /m/ B. /n/ for /d/ C. /ng/ for /k/ D. glottal stop for /t/ E. /m/ for /p/ A. Provide stuttering intervention, but no articulation intervention for /r/ at the present time - Correct answer-Parents bring their daughter of 4 years and 3 months for a speech and language evaluation. The parents have expressed concern that their daughter does not pronounce the /r/ sound correctly and has exhibited periods of stuttering for the last 18 months. During the evaluation, the SLP observes that the child exhibits sound-syllable repetitions on 30 percent of her words. What is the best action for the SLP to take? A. Provide stuttering intervention, but no articulation intervention for /r/ at the present time B. Provide both articulation intervention for the /r/ and stuttering intervention C. Provide articulation intervention for the /r/ and ignore the stuttering D. Provide articulation intervention for the /r/ first and later provide stuttering intervention E. Provide no intervention at this time B. Acute Laryngitis - Correct answer-Voice therapy is least appropriate for clients with A. Ventricular phonation B. Acute laryngitis C. Vocal nodules D. Contact ulcers E. Unilateral Adductor Paralysis B. Lower or decreased - Correct answer-An SLP is assessing the physiology of voice production in a client. If the client has a hyperfunctional voice disorder, then during phonation the client's average airflow rate is most likely to be A. almost absent B. lower or decreased C. higher or increased D. within normal limits E. erratic and inconsistent D. Culture - Correct answer-When experiences, language, religion, and a shared history bring people together over time, they develop shared traditions and customs, which are referred to as A. ethnicity B. race C. creolization D. culture E. pidginization E. no noticable abnormalities - Correct answer-During a transient ischemic attack, Mr. Mahmood has difficulty producing intelligible speech and retrieving words in conversation. One week later, Mr. Mahmood's speech and language would typically be characterized by A. mild dysarthria B. Expressive aphasia C. anomic aphasia D. both aphasic and dysarthric errors E. no noticeable abnormalities A. That the parents be invited to participate in the development of an individualized education plan (IEP) - Correct answer-The Individuals with Disabilties Education Act mandates which of the following for a fifth grade student who has been identified as eligible for services? A. that the parents be invited to participate in the development of an individualized education plan (IEP) B. That the parents be given at least three names as referral sources for treatment of the disorder C. That the parents be notified of the results of a multidisciplinary conference within ten days of the time the conference was convened D. that the child's name be placed on a waiting list for services and that the parents be notified when space is available. E. that the child and parents be given an explanation of the types of support services that are available in the community and that they be informed about the possibility that an IEP will be approved for the child D. Teach her picture representations for the intentions she expresses in other modalities. - Correct answer-Ellie is a 4 year old girl with developmental delay of unknown origin. She is ambulatory, and her receptive vocabulary, as assessed with a standardized picture vocabulary test, is in the 3 year, 0 month range. Her family members report that she uses six gestures and four words consistently. Ellie's expressive inventory appears in the table below Repetitive contact of hands at midline = more Right hand flicked against left arm = finished Flapping hands above head = yes Hand to head = mine Head down = sad Head shake side to side = no /kaji/ = animal /i^/ = no /i/ = ice cream /oki/ = open How can the SLP most immediately help Ellie become more easily understood by others outside her family, such as her day-care provider and her peers? A. teach her conventional signs to replace her idiosyncratic gestures and words. B. Initiate oral motor treatment to improve speech intelligibility. C. Develop her literacy skills so she can convey her thoughts in writing. D. Teach her picture representations for the intentions she expresses in other modalities. E. Give her a keyboard so she can type messages letter by letter and have them spoken aloud. D. A 40 year old man who presents with severe hoarseness and recurrent laryngitis - Correct answer-For which of the following individuals is a medical evaluation most necessary before beginning a treatment program with an SLP? A. A 2 year old child who has overall developmental delays, abnormal muscle tone, and speech-language delays B. A 4 year old child who presents with phoneme specific nasal emissions with no visible evidence of any clefting condition C. A 6 year old child with an articulation disorder who appears to have a restricted lingual frenulum D. A 40 year old man who presents with severe hoarseness and recurrent laryngitis E. A 78 year old woman who complains of occasional difficulties retrieving the names of her friends. D. Based on the gradualness principle, since the SLP reinforces a response that involves stopping on the initial consonant, a successive approximation of the target - Correct answer-A child with a phonological disorder typically produces "sack" as /kak/. During an intervention session, the child produces /tak/ and is rewarded for it by the SLP. The situation described illustrates a therapeutic strategy that is A. based on behavior modification principles and distributed practice B. based on sound behavioral principles, since it involves application of a random reinforcement schedule C. Based on the theory of negative practice, which permits occasional reinforcement of incorrect responses to prevent discouragement D. Based on the gradualness principle, since the SLP reinforces a response that involves stopping on the initial consonant, a successive approximation of the target E. A misapplication of variable reinforcement, since the SLP erroneously reinforces a production lacking the essential feature of stridency. E. The SLP works with teachers and families to facilitate a student's communication and learning. - Correct answer-Which of the following best describes the role of the SLP in a collaborative-consultation service-delivery model? A. The SLP is responsible for providing both academic/curricular instruction and speech language services B. The SLP provides services to students individually or in small groups within the speech-language resource-room setting C. The SLP provides services directly to the student within the classroom and other natural environments D. The SLP sees the student for a specific amount of time each marking period to monitor communication performance E. The SLP works with teachers and families to facilitate a student's communication and learning. B. Having the client flex her head forward (perform the chin-down posture) during oral preparation and transit stages of the swallow - Correct answer-A 70 year old female has dysphagia characterized by poor posterior oral containment of the bolus during the oral preparatory stage, causing aspiration before the swallow. Cognition and the pharyngeal stage of the swallow are intact. Which of the following is the most appropriate treatment approach for the client? A. providing a puree diet with thickened liquids B. Having the client flex her head forward (perform the chin-down posture) during oral preparation and transit stages of the swallow C. Having the client turn (rotate) her head to the right when swallowing D. Having the client eat more slowly to prevent aspiration E. Providing a diet that consists of thin liquids A. As a result of pharyngeal flap surgery - Correct answer-An 8 year old child with moderately severe hypernasality has persistent nasal regugitation following an adenoidectomy performed 6 months eariler. The child's speech is likely to show the greatest improvement A. as a result of pharyngeal flap surgery B. as a result of intensive speech intervention C. as a result of the natural regrowth of the adenoid tissue before puberty D. gradually and spontaneously, starting at age 9 E. gradually and spontaneously, starting after puberty B. Aspiration during the swallow - Correct answer-A 61 year old woman has dysphagia, characterized by incomplete laryngeal closure during the swallow. Which of the following is the most significant risk to the patient? A. Aspiration before the swallow B. Aspiration during the swallow C. Residue in the valleculae D. Residue on top of the epiglottis E. Excessive weight loss A. An occupational therapist, a pediatric physiatrist, and a physical therapist - Correct answer-In addition to an SLP, which of the following constitutes a team likely to be most helpful in the acute stage rehabilitation of a child with a moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury? A. An occupational therapist, a pediatric physiatrist, and a physical therapist B. A physical therapist, a psychologist, and a special education teacher C. An occupational therapist and a psychologist D. A special education teacher and a pediatrician E. A pediatrician and a geneticist B. A teenager with a repaired cleft palate who continues to experience hypernasality - Correct answer-For which individual would an AAC intervention be least appropriate? A. a preschool child with a language learning disorder and highly unintelligible speech B. a teenager with a repaired cleft palate who continues to experience hypernasality C. A young adult with severe cerebral palsy precluding functional oral communication D. A 55 year old man who has had a laryngectomy E. A 76 year old woman with severe Broca's aphasia D. Referring the child to a cleft palate team for consideration of surgical or prosthetic management - Correct answer-An 8 year old child with a repaired palatal cleft has received speech intervention for two years in order to reduce moderately severe hypernasality and nasal emission. Cognitive and linguistic skills are normal. All clinical data support a conclusion that abnormal speech characteristics are primarily the result of an inadequate velopharyngeal mechanism. There have been small improvements, but none in the past six to nine months. Which of the following is the most appropriate course of action for the SLP to take with the child at this point? A. terminating speech intervention and reassessing at three month intervals the potential for benefiting from renewed speech intervention B. Instituting an additional three months of articulation intervention C. Instituting a program of blowing, sucking, and swallowing exercises for a six-month trial period D. Referring the child to a cleft palate team for consideration of surgical or prosthetic management E. Conferring with another SLP concerning a treatment decision A. Canonical babbling - Correct answer-A typically-developing 10 month old child will exhibit which of the following skills? A. canonical babbling B. imitation of sequences of four syllables C. naming of objects D. an expressive vocabulary of four words E. a mean length of utterance of 1.5 C. A collaborative program emphasizing skills in establishing presuppositions within units of discourse - Correct answer-Carrie a 9 year old child, has normal receptive language abilities and normal intelligence. She produces narratives in correct sequential order of events, but they are characterized by verbal mazes with no identification of major themes and contain few, if any, referents. Which of the following is the most appropriate intervention for her school SLP to implement A. An inclusion program focused on specific syntactic deficits B. An individual pull-out program to develop expressive reasoning and sequencing C. A collaborative program emphasizing skills in establishing presuppositions within units of discourse D. a focused stimulation approach for developing conjunctions and modals E. Behavior management to eliminate use of nonspecific language terms. B. documenting the presence of language or speech differences that result from cultural factors - Correct answer-Determination of eligibility for speech-language pathology services through IDEA is a multistage process that is based on all of the following EXCEPT A. documenting the presence of disability B. documenting the presence of language or speech differences that result from cultural factors C. documenting that a presenting disability adversely effects educational performance D. demonstrating a need for specially designed instruction that will help the student progress in the general education curriculum E. demonstrating a need for specific supports that will help the student progress in the general education curriculum B. syntactic relationships - Correct answer-"Book read me." "Me TV see." The utterances above, spoken by a 3 year old monolingual English speaking child, indicate that the child most likely has a problem with which of the following? A. semantic redundancy B. syntactic relationships C. morphological relationships d. pragmatics e. phonological rules A. a 4 year old child with whole-word and part-word repetitions, prolongations, audible inhalation, and facial grimacing that have been present for the past four months - Correct answer-Of the following clients, which one would be the most appropriate candidate for enrollment in a program of intervention directed at reducing speech disfluencies? A. a 4 year old child with whole-word and part-word repetitions, prolongations, audible inhalation, and facial grimacing that have been present for the past four months B. a 2 1/2 year old child with recent onset of single repetitions of pronouns and initial words of phrases C. a 3 year old child with single repetitions of whole words whose father and grandfather are also known to stutter D. A 6 year old child with a diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and subtle word-finding difficulties whose speech is characterized by whole word repetitions, revisions, rapid rate, and interjections E. A 7 year old child who has marked hesitations and word-finding difficulties following a traumatic brain injury D. Strength and coordination of the speech musculature are intact in the client with apraxia of speech, whereas slowness, weakness, incoordination, or altered tone of the speech musculature are associated with dysarthria - Correct answer-Which of the following describes an important diagnostic distinction between dysarthria and apraxia of speech? A. apraxic speech is a result of lower motor neuron lesions, whereas dysarthria is the result of upper motor neuron lesions B. Apraxic speech is associated with aphasia, whereas dysarthria is associated with cerebral palsy C. clients with dysarthria lack the ability to sequence volitional speech movements, whereas clients with apraxia of speech lack the ability to monitor reactive speech. D. Strength and coordination of the speech musculature are intact in the client with apraxia of speech, whereas slowness, weakness, incoordination, or altered tone of the speech musculature are associated with dysarthria E. Apraxic speech is characterized by distortions, omissions, and substitutions, whereas dysarthric speech is characterized by inconsistent, highly variable misarticulations C. conductive loss - Correct answer-Which of the following hearing problems is most prevalent among children with cleft palate? A. sensorineural loss B. unilateral hearing loss C. conductive loss D. retrocochlear loss E. central auditory dysfunction E. She has frequent difficulty hearing and understanding faint speech. - Correct answerThe audiogram above is that of a 7 year old girl who had developed a hearing problem about three years before the audiogram was reported. The girls intelligence quotient is in the normal range. On the basis of this information only, which of the following is most likely true of the girl? A. she misarticulates many consonant sounds B. She can hear and understand speech only with amplification C. She can be expected to be at age level for language D. She needs placement in a self-contained class for the hearing impaired E. She has frequent difficulty hearing and understanding faint speech. E. the hawthorne effect - Correct answer-An investigator is conducting an observational study that includes parents and their children. The investigator observes that parents alter their behaviors spontaneously with the knowledge that they are being observed. The phenomenon described is an example of A. statistical regression toward the mean B. subject selection bias C. Multiple treatment intereferece D. a placebo effect E. the hawthorne effect C. A hearing-handicap inventory - Correct answer-Mrs. Dawson is a 76 year old retired banker who is in excellent health. She recently failed a hearing screening. Her audiological evaluation shows bilateral mild-to-moderate sensorineural hearing loss. Her speech-recognition scores are 80 percent for the right ear and 76 percent for the left ear. Which of the following should be performed to assist in her management? A. An auditory brain-stem response B. A dichotic listening task C. A hearing-handicap inventory D. Electronystagmography (ENG) E. A cochlear - implant evaluation A. they increase sensitivity to low-intensity sounds - Correct answer-Which of the following is true about the outer hair cells of the cochlea? A. they increase sensitivity to low-intensity sounds B. they are sensory cells for balance C. They increase sensitivity to low-frequency sounds D. they are located on Reissner's membrane E. They are replaced when they wear out omitted - Correct answerD. a delayed pharyngeal swallow - Correct answer-In dysphagia treatment sessions, Bruno's SLP has been providing thermal stimulation. This choice of treatment, assuming that it is appropriate, indicates that Bruno most likely has swallowing difficulties related to A. bolus preparation B. pooling in the pyriform sinuses C. pooling in the valleculae D. a delayed pharyngeal swallow E. esophageal reflux D. recognizing additional semantic features - Correct answer-A 4 year old child who refers to all four-legged creatures as "dog" needs help with A. understanding dimensional terms B. increasing the use of synonyms C. learning object permanence D. recognizing additional semantic features E. utilizing subordinating conjunctions E. refer the child and family to a cleft palate/craniofacial team for further evaluation - Correct answer-An otolaryngologist refers a 4 year old child to an SLP six months after a tonsilectomy and adenoidectomy. Following surgery, the child's speech became hypernasal. The SLPs evaluation confirms mild to moderate hypernasailty. If the child has no other speech or language problems, which of the following is the most appropriate course of action for the SLP to take? A. Use behavioral strategies to increase velopharyngeal closure for speech B. Counsel the parents that the hypernasality is likely to resolve in a few weeks C. Counsel the child's preschool teacher about instructional exercises to use to improve speech production in the classroom D. Counsel the parents on ways to reduce hypernasality at home rather than providing any direct treatment. E. refer the child and family to a cleft palate/craniofacial team for further evaluation E. refer the family to a mental health service and provide a program for fluency management - Correct answer-Evaluation of a 5 year old child with persistent dysfluencies has uncovered information suggesting alcoholism in the family, parental feuding, inappropriate behavior by a sibling, and materal depression. The SLPs most appropriate action at this time would be to A. refer the mother to the family physician for evaluation and treatment of the depression B. refer the entire family to a psychiatrist for group therapy C. offer treatment to the child and counsel the mother about fluency management D. reevaluation the child in 6 months to see whether the family issues have been resolved and the disfluencies have subsided E. refer the family to a mental health service and provide a program for fluency management D. delayed phonological development - Correct answer-John is a 4 1/2 year old whose consonantal inventory includes word-initial /w/, /m/, /n/, /p/, /b/, /t/, /d/, and /f/. He uses /t/ for /k/, /d/ for /g/, /b/ for /v/, and /f/ for /th/. He produces no consonant clusters. His wordfinal consonantal inventory consists of /m/ and /n/. His word shape inventory includes V, CV, CVC, and CVCV. The information given most strongly indicates that the child has A. a cleft palate B. apraxia of speech C. an oral motor impairment D. delayed phonological development E. a significant high-frequency hearing loss D. recommend to the primary-care provider that the child be referred for a developmental evaluation - Correct answer-A 3 year old child presents with a limited speech-sound repertoire, inappropriate language comprehension for that age, and play skills firmly in the sensorimotor stage. Which of the following is the most appropriate action for the SLP to take with this child? A. enroll the child in a speech group with other 3 year olds B. provide the child's parents with speech activities to try at home C. refer the child for additional preschool experiences D. recommend to the primary-care provider that the child be referred for a developmental evaluation E. begin to teach the child some sign language D. Increasing the compliance of the vocal fold mucosa - Correct answer-Which of the following will most effectively decrease the fundamental frequency of the laryngeal tone? A. decreasing the mass of the vocal folds B. increasing the elasticity of the vocal fold mucosa C. Increasing the length of the vocal folds D. Increasing the compliance of the vocal fold mucosa E. Raising the position of the larynx within the neck E. positive reinforcement - Correct answer-Sheryl, an 8 year old girl, is learning to use "easy-onset" speech to facilitate fluency. To teach the technique, the SLP produces a model sentence and has Sheryl imitate it. For each fluent imitation produced with appropriate easy onset, Sheryl is allowed to choose a sticker to place in her "fluency journal." In this case, which of the following is being used to promote the use of the fluency-facilitation technique A. negative practice B. punishment C. intermittent reinforcement D. negative reinforcement E. positive reinforcement A. brain stem - Correct answer-A client exhibits weakness, atrophy, and fasciculations of the right side of the tongue and lower face. The client also has right vocal-fold weakness and nasal regurgitation of fluid when swallowing. These problems are the result of a single tumor of the nervous system. The tumor is most likely located in which part of the nervous system? A, brain stem B. cerebellum C. left cerebral cortex D. right cerebral cortex E. lumbar spinal cord B. compare premorbid performance with present performance - Correct answer-In assessing a child who has an acquired brain injury, it is most important for the SLP to A. assess pragmatics through a structured language test B. compare premorbid performance with present performance C. ensure administration of an intelligence test D. administer structure phonology tests E. compare nonverbal performance with verbal performance C. Damage to the left recurrent laryngeal nerve - Correct answer-A 67 year old male patient with no history of swallowing problems has undergone a cardiothoracic surgical procedure. Postoperatively, he is found to be aspirating while swallowing and is diagnosed with a left vocal fold paralysis and left pharyngeal paresis. Which of the following is the most likely etiology? A. an intraoperative stroke (CVA) in the right pons B. damage to the right recurrent laryngeal nerve C. Damage to the left recurrent laryngeal nerve D. damage to the phrenic nerve E. a left hemisphere stroke A. There is a much higher chance of spontaneous recovery for the client with brain injury - Correct answer-For which of the following reasons would the therapy for a client whose language loss is due to brain injury differ from the therapy for a client whose language loss is due to a progressive disorder? A. There is a much higher chance of spontaneous recovery for the client with brain injury B. There is a much higher chance of spontaneous recovery for the client with a progressive disorder C. The client with brain injury typically has problems with fatigue and mental confusion, whereas the client with a progressive disorder does not. D. The client with a progressive disorder typically has problems with attention and memory, whereas the client with brain injury typically does not E. The client with a progressive disorder typically shows steadier linear improvement than does the client with brain injury. Omitted - Correct answerB. consider alternate means of hydration for her - Correct answer-Leticia experienced a cerebrovascular accident two weeks ago and now has dysphagia. Videofluoroscopy four days ago revealed that she can tolerate peroral intake of pureed foods and honeythick liquids without risk of aspiration or laryngeal penetration. She dislikes the thickened liquids and prefers not to drink anything at all. The SLP would most appropriately recommend that Leticia's physician A. prescribe diuretic medications for her B. consider alternate means of hydration for her C. Perform a cricopharyngeal myotomy on her D. perform a tracheo-esophageal puncture on her E. perform a calorie count on her A. a developmental delay - Correct answer-An SLP receives a referral regarding a 4 year old boy who uses two words spontaneously and functionally, who began walking at 3 years of age, and who responds to his name inconsistently. On the basis of the information alone, the SLP can legitimately conclude that the child's communication profile reflects A. a developmental delay B. autism spectrum disorder C. a chromosomal anomaly D. typical development E. a metabolic disorder C. disordered phonological system - Correct answer-Which of the following areas needs to be evaluated first for a 5 year old who says /pun/ for "spoon" and /top/ for "soap?" A. auditory discrimination B. dialectal differences C. disordered phonological system D. dyslexia E. motor planning C. Interrater validity - Correct answer-Information about which of the following would be most useful in evaluating the consistency of scoring of an assessment? A. content validity B. predictive validity C. Interrater validity D. Range of scaled scores E. Standard deviation of raw scores C. The Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, as amended - Correct answer-Which of the following federal statutes mandates that movie theaters provide assistive listening devices to individuals with hearing loss?