J1 AND RELIGION:
Catholics:
Seen as potential traitors due to their involvement in previous plots. Recusancy fines . At first, J1 was tolerant
towards them. He promised not to persecute Catholics if they stayed quiet and he recusancy fines (they fell
to less than ¼ of their level before 1603). Religious stability was essential to J1. This was short-lived.
1604 – all priests + Jesuits (closest to Catholics) were ordered out of the kingdom. November, recusancy fines
were ordered to be collected in full BECAUSE J1 was trying to unite Scotland/England and he hoped that if
he accepted the request of harsher measures against Catholics, P would make concessions over the union.
Bye Plot 1603 (part of Main Main Plot July 1603 Gunpowder Plot 5th Nov 1605 ALL CATHOLIC PLOTS!!!!!!
Plot)
Aim: kidnap J1 + hold him at Aim: dispose J1 + Aim: remove J1/P and put princess Elizabeth Stuart (J1’s daughter) as Queen
ransom whilst imprisoning the replace him w/his who would marry a Catholic. 13 Catholic plotters (mainly gentry who had been
Privy Council cousin Lady Arabella affected most by the fines).
(advised/administrated J1). Stuart. Why: England made peace w/Spain meaning there was no hope of Spain
People: William Watson People: Sir Walter invading England. The Spanish were Catholics and they had the power to
(Catholic priest), William Udall Raleigh, William Udall conquer England and turn the whole country Catholic.
(gov spy), Father Henry Garnet (gov spy), Henry Plan: dig a tunnel under the Houses of P, blow it up whilst J1/MP’s were inside
(told gov about the plot fearing Brooke (Lord Cobham). (day of P opening). Led by Robert Catesby.
retribution against Catholics). Outcome: Failure: Monteagle Letter, one plotter sent a warning letter to a relative to
Outcome: P’s Statuses against enforcement of the stay away from P. KEY: there’s conspiracy that P knew about the plot before,
Catholics Act (all priests Acts of P. and decided to catch them on the 5th to be able to use this as a major excuse
ordered out of England). to hate Catholics and strengthen existing measures against them. GF was
caught on 4th November but plot was supposed to happen on 5th. Gave public
the impression that Catholics are terrorists.
RESULT OF GUNPOWDER PLOT:
Recusancy fines but they could still practise their religion
Catholics forbidden to live in/near London
Catholics had to take a new oath of allegiance, denying the pope’s authority. Only 25 Catholics were
executed during J1’s reign and none after 1619 when Spanish match was going on.
J1/P got closer
Catholics gave J1 no further trouble, however in the later years the following events caused fear to
rise again:
Spanish match
Failure to support the Protestant cause on the Continent
Relaxation of recusancy fines (1622-23) as part of negotiations w/Spain
C1
Puritans:
J1 preferred the more ordered worship of the COE over the Scottish Kirk. The majority of Puritans wanted
moderate/gradual reforms to finally rid the last remains of popish practise.
Hampton Court Conference, January 1604: Was a response to the Millenary Petition (1603). This was given to
J1 as he was travelling to London. It was set by Puritans and their demands (not threatening) for reform of the
COE:
KEY: Removal of all traces of popery in the COE
Poor quality of preaching
Improvement of the quality of clergy
Pluralism: Stipends (income received from parish) were so low that ministers had to hold more than
one living leading to many parishes not having adequate pastoral care
Use of ring in marriage
Surplice/cap
Catholics:
Seen as potential traitors due to their involvement in previous plots. Recusancy fines . At first, J1 was tolerant
towards them. He promised not to persecute Catholics if they stayed quiet and he recusancy fines (they fell
to less than ¼ of their level before 1603). Religious stability was essential to J1. This was short-lived.
1604 – all priests + Jesuits (closest to Catholics) were ordered out of the kingdom. November, recusancy fines
were ordered to be collected in full BECAUSE J1 was trying to unite Scotland/England and he hoped that if
he accepted the request of harsher measures against Catholics, P would make concessions over the union.
Bye Plot 1603 (part of Main Main Plot July 1603 Gunpowder Plot 5th Nov 1605 ALL CATHOLIC PLOTS!!!!!!
Plot)
Aim: kidnap J1 + hold him at Aim: dispose J1 + Aim: remove J1/P and put princess Elizabeth Stuart (J1’s daughter) as Queen
ransom whilst imprisoning the replace him w/his who would marry a Catholic. 13 Catholic plotters (mainly gentry who had been
Privy Council cousin Lady Arabella affected most by the fines).
(advised/administrated J1). Stuart. Why: England made peace w/Spain meaning there was no hope of Spain
People: William Watson People: Sir Walter invading England. The Spanish were Catholics and they had the power to
(Catholic priest), William Udall Raleigh, William Udall conquer England and turn the whole country Catholic.
(gov spy), Father Henry Garnet (gov spy), Henry Plan: dig a tunnel under the Houses of P, blow it up whilst J1/MP’s were inside
(told gov about the plot fearing Brooke (Lord Cobham). (day of P opening). Led by Robert Catesby.
retribution against Catholics). Outcome: Failure: Monteagle Letter, one plotter sent a warning letter to a relative to
Outcome: P’s Statuses against enforcement of the stay away from P. KEY: there’s conspiracy that P knew about the plot before,
Catholics Act (all priests Acts of P. and decided to catch them on the 5th to be able to use this as a major excuse
ordered out of England). to hate Catholics and strengthen existing measures against them. GF was
caught on 4th November but plot was supposed to happen on 5th. Gave public
the impression that Catholics are terrorists.
RESULT OF GUNPOWDER PLOT:
Recusancy fines but they could still practise their religion
Catholics forbidden to live in/near London
Catholics had to take a new oath of allegiance, denying the pope’s authority. Only 25 Catholics were
executed during J1’s reign and none after 1619 when Spanish match was going on.
J1/P got closer
Catholics gave J1 no further trouble, however in the later years the following events caused fear to
rise again:
Spanish match
Failure to support the Protestant cause on the Continent
Relaxation of recusancy fines (1622-23) as part of negotiations w/Spain
C1
Puritans:
J1 preferred the more ordered worship of the COE over the Scottish Kirk. The majority of Puritans wanted
moderate/gradual reforms to finally rid the last remains of popish practise.
Hampton Court Conference, January 1604: Was a response to the Millenary Petition (1603). This was given to
J1 as he was travelling to London. It was set by Puritans and their demands (not threatening) for reform of the
COE:
KEY: Removal of all traces of popery in the COE
Poor quality of preaching
Improvement of the quality of clergy
Pluralism: Stipends (income received from parish) were so low that ministers had to hold more than
one living leading to many parishes not having adequate pastoral care
Use of ring in marriage
Surplice/cap
