FTCE: Elementary Education (Florida Teacher Certification Examination)| latest edition FULL TESTBANK| GRADED A+

FTCE: Elementary Education (Florida Teacher Certification Examination)| latest edition FULL TESTBANK| GRADED A+ The reading process is made up of these five components: - Phonemic Awareness, Fluency, Phonics, Comprehension, and Vocabulary. LAR Skill 1.1 Components of Emergent Literacy are: - Print Awareness, Print Motivation, Oral Language, Letter Knowledge, Phonological awareness, Narrative skills. LAR Skill 1.1 Emergent Literacy - Consists of reading-related knowldge and skills that children develop prior to formal instruction in reading. LAR Skill 1.1 Print Motivation - Interest in and enjoyment of printed materials. LAR Skill 1.1 Print Awareness - Interest and interaction with print; pretending to read. LAR Skill 1.1 Listening and Oral Vocabularies - Words understood when heard; words used in speech. LAR Skill 1.1 Narrative Skills - Ability to retell storeis or describe events. LAR Skill 1.1 Letter Knowledge - Understand letter names and sahpes. LAR Skill 1.1 Phonological Awareness - Ability to understand the sound of language and manipulate or play with speech sounds. LAR Skill 1.1 Up to age 5, children are exposed to reading and learn about it without reading. What are some examples of this? - Print differs from other visual patterns. Books contain print. Readers glean infomration from print. Print can be translated into speech. Reading follows certain conventions. LAR Skill 1.1 Emergent literacy forms the foundation of future reading and writing development. True or False? - True LAR Skill 1.1 Emergent literacy is understood to develop at individual rates. True or False? - True LAR Skill 1.1 Certain criteria that could determine whether or not a child is ready for reading include: - Concepts of print, oral language development, and understanding of the alphabetic principle; the relationship between letters (graphemes) and the sounds they represent (phonemes) LAR Skill 1.1 Grapheme - The relationship between letters. LAR Skill 1.1 Phoneme - The sounds that letters represent. LAR Skill 1.1 Marie M. Clay developed a formal procedure for what? - For observing a child's behavior with bookjs to determine the extent of a child's print-related concepts. LAR Skill 1.1 Marie M. Clay's formal procedures include assessment cheks such as? - If the child can: Find the title of a book, show where to start reading and locate the last page or end of the book. LAR Skill 1.1 A critical pre-reading skill is being able to indicate the directionality of what? - Print LAR Skill 1.1 Readers in the U.S. must start where on the page and read to where? - The left side of the page and read to the right. LAR Skill 1.1 How can teachers or parents model directionality in reading? - By passing hteir hadns or fingers under the words or sentences as they read aloud. LAR Skill 1.1 What four dimensions does language have? - Speaking, listening, reading, and writing LAR Skill 1.1 Oral language is the subset of what? - Language LAR Skill 1.1 Oral language has two dimensions, which are: - Speaking and listening LAR Skill 1.1 Listening is the precursor to what? - Speaking LAR Skill 1.1 Children have to _____________ language before they can speak it. - Hear LAR Skill 1.1 Why is oral language important? - It provides the mental framework for what words mean and how language works. LAR Skill 1.1 Oral language starts where? - At home LAR Skill 1.1 What did Hart and Risley investigate in the way of socialeconmic status level? - The number and kind of words children heard in terms of their SES. LAR Skill 1.1 What are the components of oral language? - Phonological awareness, semantic understanding, syntactic understanding, and pragmatics. LAR Skill 1.1 Phonological Awareness - A broad understanding of the sound of language and occurs as children begin to hear speech sounds and play with them. LAR Skill 1.1 Semantic Understanding - Understanding the morphology or meanings of words: vocabulary. LAR Skill 1.1 Syntactic Understanding - Understanding the rules for using words in sentences: grammar. LAR Skill 1.1 Pragmatics - Understanding the social and cultural use of langauge. LAR Skill 1.1 Phonological awareness sub-skills include: - Children should be able to distinguish between spoken language from other environmental sounds and focusing on the structure of syllables in words and onset/rime tasks. LAR Skill 1.1 What happens next when children increase their phonological awareness? - They begin to develop their phonemic awareness. LAR Skill 1.1 How is a phoneme represented? - As a letter within slashes (i.e. /b/) LAR Skill 1.1 Phonemic Isolation - Recognition of individual sounds. (What is the first sound in top?) LAR Skill 1.1 Phonemic Identification - Recognition of the same sounds. (What sound is the same in these words? top, ten, tall) LAR Skill 1.1 Phonemic Categorization - Recognition of similar sounds and choosing he different sound. (Which word doesn't beleong? dip, dime, sun) LAR Skill 1.1 Phonemic Addition / Subtraction - Making a new word by adding or subtracting a phoneme. (What word is "stop" without /s/? What word do you get if you add /s/ to the beginning of "top"?) LAR Skill 1.1 Phonemic Blending - Combining phonemes into a word. (What word is /c/ /a/ /t/? ) LAR Skill 1.1 Phonemic Segmentation - Breaking words into separte phonems. (how many sounds are in stop?) LAR Skill 1.1 Phonemic Substitution - Replacing one phoneme with another to make a new word. (What word is formed if the /t/ in tap is replaced with /m/?) LAR Skill 1.1 When children understand how oral language works, what do they begin to connect? - They begin to connect that knowledge to print. LAR Skill 1.1 Shared reading can help children gain what? - It can help children gain an understanding that printed words represent speech. LAR Skill 1.1 Alphabet knowledge involves understanding what? - The relationship between letters and sounds. LAR Skill 1.1 Alphabetic Principle - The understanding that written words are composed of letters and that groups of letters represenet the sounds of spoken words. LAR Skill 1.1 How many phonemes are in the English Language? - 44 LAR Skill 1.1 The English alphabet has how many letters? - 26 LAR Skill 1.1 There is an exact one-to-one correspondence between letters and sounds. True or False? - False. LAR Skill 1.1 Alphabet knowledge is a precursor to what? - Decoding. LAR Skill 1.1 Decoding is the application of the alphabetic