.
Weather and Climate !
! I !
Gateway
I
Weather Climate
Definition :
atmospheric conditions Definition :
Typical weather conditions in
at a
given space and time a
place
Geographical :
Local and
Regional Geographical :
Regional and Global
can
change day to day hour to
-Changes over a
long period of time
-
,
hour
e .
g .
Tropical temperate polar
Sunny rainy
, ,
e .
g .
, ,
snow
Temperature
Commonly measured
in Celcius (OC) or
Definition :
Degree of hotness or coldness of a place Farenheit (oF)
-Thermometer is used to measure temperature
To maximum and minimum temp ., use
-
measure
maximum and minimum thermometer'
· Minimum column above is filled
mercury
with alcohol (expands with temp ) .
·
Tempy ,
alcohol expands pushes mercury
,
up
·
Maximum column pushes mercury down
·
Vice versa for temp ↓
Mean
daily temp :
sum of hourly temp .
divided by 24 hours
Diurnal temp net number!
temp temp 24 hours
:
maximum -
minimum over
range (DTR)
, Factors affecting temperature :
CLAD
Cloud cover
& altitude
Altitude
Distance from sea
Cloud Cover
->
Amount of cloud cover influences temperature of Earth's surface (day &
night)
Day :
Thick clouds absorb and reflect a
large amount of incoming solar radiation back into
Less solar radiation
reaching the ground Earth's surface is not heated up
.
space .
the
excessively in
day
Night Thick clouds absorb &
prevent much of the heat that is radiated from the
:
ground
from
escaping back into space .
Heat is reflected back to Earth .
Air near
the Earth's surface is
kept warm at night a temperature falls by only a few
degrees .
Presence of cloud cover
:
smaller diurnal temperature range (DTR)
without 2C :
smaller DTR
with CC :
larger DTR
Latitude
incoming
->
Measurement of distance N/S of equator insolation :
solan
radiation
->
Temperature differs between places at different latitude ↑
surface different angles Jaka of incidence
rays strikes Earth's
4
WHY ?: sun's at
LOW LATITUDE
low latitude -> K of sun's ventical rayo reach Earth's surface more
vertically/ at a
highen 4 of incidence concentrated of surface que a
->
more
heating a smaller
-> ↑ interne heating -> ↑ temp at lower latitudes
HIGH LATITUDE
high latitude + K of sun's vertical reach Earth's surface less
vertically /at lowen
rays
of intense
larger surface
4 incidence -> less concentrated heating of a area ->
herating -> ↓
temp at higher latitudes
Weather and Climate !
! I !
Gateway
I
Weather Climate
Definition :
atmospheric conditions Definition :
Typical weather conditions in
at a
given space and time a
place
Geographical :
Local and
Regional Geographical :
Regional and Global
can
change day to day hour to
-Changes over a
long period of time
-
,
hour
e .
g .
Tropical temperate polar
Sunny rainy
, ,
e .
g .
, ,
snow
Temperature
Commonly measured
in Celcius (OC) or
Definition :
Degree of hotness or coldness of a place Farenheit (oF)
-Thermometer is used to measure temperature
To maximum and minimum temp ., use
-
measure
maximum and minimum thermometer'
· Minimum column above is filled
mercury
with alcohol (expands with temp ) .
·
Tempy ,
alcohol expands pushes mercury
,
up
·
Maximum column pushes mercury down
·
Vice versa for temp ↓
Mean
daily temp :
sum of hourly temp .
divided by 24 hours
Diurnal temp net number!
temp temp 24 hours
:
maximum -
minimum over
range (DTR)
, Factors affecting temperature :
CLAD
Cloud cover
& altitude
Altitude
Distance from sea
Cloud Cover
->
Amount of cloud cover influences temperature of Earth's surface (day &
night)
Day :
Thick clouds absorb and reflect a
large amount of incoming solar radiation back into
Less solar radiation
reaching the ground Earth's surface is not heated up
.
space .
the
excessively in
day
Night Thick clouds absorb &
prevent much of the heat that is radiated from the
:
ground
from
escaping back into space .
Heat is reflected back to Earth .
Air near
the Earth's surface is
kept warm at night a temperature falls by only a few
degrees .
Presence of cloud cover
:
smaller diurnal temperature range (DTR)
without 2C :
smaller DTR
with CC :
larger DTR
Latitude
incoming
->
Measurement of distance N/S of equator insolation :
solan
radiation
->
Temperature differs between places at different latitude ↑
surface different angles Jaka of incidence
rays strikes Earth's
4
WHY ?: sun's at
LOW LATITUDE
low latitude -> K of sun's ventical rayo reach Earth's surface more
vertically/ at a
highen 4 of incidence concentrated of surface que a
->
more
heating a smaller
-> ↑ interne heating -> ↑ temp at lower latitudes
HIGH LATITUDE
high latitude + K of sun's vertical reach Earth's surface less
vertically /at lowen
rays
of intense
larger surface
4 incidence -> less concentrated heating of a area ->
herating -> ↓
temp at higher latitudes
