AEA: Certification Exam Questions and Answers Graded A

AEA: Certification Exam Questions and Answers Graded A Physical Fitness the ability of the body's physical parts to function, and is measured by the level at which these physical parts are capable of functioning What are the five primary components of fitness? 1) Cardiorespiratory endurance 2) Muscular Strength 3) Muscular Endurance 4) Flexibility 5) Body Composition Cardiorespiratory endurance The capacity of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems to deliver oxygen to the working muscles for sustained periods of energy production Muscular Strength The maximum force that can be exerted by a muscle or muscle group against a resistance Muscular Endurance The capacity of a muscle to exert force repeatedly or to hold a fixed or static contraction over time Flexibility The ability of limbs to move at the joints through a normal range of motion Body composition The body's relative percentage of fat as compared to lean tissue (bones, muscle, and organs) What are the six skill-related components of fitness? 1) Balance 2) Coordination 3) Speed 4) Power 5) Agility 6) Reaction Time Balance Controlling the position of the body's center of gravity, or maintenance of equilibrium while stationary (static balance) or moving (dynamic balance). Coordination The integration of many separate motor skills or movements into one efficient pattern Speed The rate at which a movement or activity can be performed Power A function of strength and speed. The ability to transfer energy into force at a quick rate. Agility The ability to rapidly and fluently change body positioning during movement Reaction Time The amount of time elapsed between stimulation and acting upon the stimulus What are the fitness programming and design components for the ACSM guidelines and reccomendations? 1) Mode of training (or exercise) 2) Frequency of training 3) Intensity of training 4) Duration of training 5) Flexibility 6) Neuromuscular exercises Skeletal System all bones, including cartilage and joints Muscular All muscles including ligaments and tendons Digestive digestive tract, including liver, gallbladder, and pancreas Lateral Away from the midline of the body supine face up prone face down Long bones 1)longer than they are wide; found in appendages 2 Contain a diaphysis (shaft), and two ends the epophysis i.e. femur, tibia, fibula, radius, ulna, and humerus Short bones 1) = W and L, cuboidal i.e. wrist and ankle Flat bones 1) Thin and generally flat 2) Protection and surface area for muscles to attach i.e. cranial bones and scapula Irregular Bones 1) Complex shapes i.e. vertebrae Periosteum 1) Dense,white,fibrous sheath that covers the surface of the bone 2) Where the muscles and tendons attach Medullary Cavity Cavity within the shaft of the long bones filled with yellow fatty bone marrow Endosteum Layer of cells that line the Medullary Cavity Ossification Bone formation Epiphyseal Plates cartilaginous growth plates located at either end of bones *common in long bones Axial skeleton Forms the main trunk of the body and is composed of the skull, spinal column, ribs, & sternum; division of the skeleton that protects the major organs of the nervous, respiratory, & circulatory system Appendicular Skeleton Bones associated with appendages Articulation (joint) point of contact between two or more bones Ligaments Dense, regular, connective tissue that attach bone to bone at moveable joints and help to protect the joint from dislocation Cervical spine neck, 7 vertebrae thoracic spine behind rib cage, 12 midsize vertebrae Lumbar spine Lower back, 5 large vertebrae Sacrum 5 fused Coccyx (tailbone) 4 fused into one or two bones Visceral Muscle Muscle that lines the walls of internal organs; smooth or involuntary muscle. What are the functions of the muscular system? 1) assist movement 2) maintain posture 3) create heat Tendons 1) Connect muscle to bone 2) connects fascia to the periosteum Origin Attachment of a muscle that remains relatively fixed during muscular contraction Insertion Attachment that moves toward the origin during muscle contraction. Usually the distal point and most movable part. agonist (prime mover) - cause primary movement when it contracts antagonist a muscle that relaxes while another contracts Sternocleidomastoid Location: Front of the neck Attaches: Sternum and clavice Ends: Jaw area Moves: cervical spine Pectoralis Major Location: Chest Attachment: Sternum, clavicle, ribs Ends: Upper Arm Moves: Shoulder Joint and sternoclavicular joint Trapezius Location: Upper Back and back of the neck Upper: Neck down to shoulder blade Middle: upper back Lower: spine up to shoulder blade Moves: Scapulae and sternoclavicular joint *Upper extends the head Latissimus Dorsi Location: mid and low back Attaches: pelvic bone and spinal column Ends: Upper arm or humerus Moves: Shoulder Deltoid Location: caps shoulder Attaches: front and back of shoulder Ends: upper arm or humerus bone Moves: Shoulder Joint Biceps Brachii Location: front of upper arm Attaches: above the shoulder Ends: Forearm Moves: 3 joints, elbow is most important Triceps Brachii Location: back of upper arm Ends: The forearm Moves: Elbow and Shoulder Joint Viscosity Friction between moelcules of a liquid or gas What are the four basic duties of a fitness professional 1) Inform 2)Instruct 3)Monitor 4)Supervise Negligence Committing an act that a person exercising ordinary care would not do under similar circumstances. Duty The responsibility and moral obligation of the professional to perform services following industry standards and guidelines. The ADA Act was written and approved in what year? 1990 Component or Move Smallest part or segment in choreography Choreography The arrangement of a series of movements Pattern or Combination Two or more moves linked together to form some type of repeatable sequence How may beats is recc water tempo 125-150 beats p/m list the three cues you should provide to help ensure that participants are in proper alignment for deep-water stationary jogging. The three cues are raise the knee toward the chest in front of the body; bend the knee so that the ankle is posterior to the knee; and fully extend each leg so that it returns to the vertical line. Fun Fact 1 A sprained ankle refers to overstretched ligaments in the ankle joint, whereas a strained ankle involves overstretched muscles and/or tendons. The six factors specifically listed for weight gain are habits, illness, medicine, ___________, _______________, and ________________. genes, the world around you, emotions