Cambridge International A-Level Geography – Rivers Questions with Correct Answers

Abrasion Correct Answer Water throws sand, shingle and cobbles at the base of the cliff, eroding the cliff or river bank. Sometimes called corrasion Abstracting (water from rivers) Correct Answer Taking water from rivers for people to use. Actual evapotranspiration Correct Answer The amount of water that leaves the drainage basin in the form of water vapour going back to the atmosphere. Afforestation Correct Answer Planting trees in areas which previously had no forests. Amelioration Correct Answer Reducing the impacts or effects of something, e.g. reducing the effects of river ooding. Annual hydrograph Correct Answer A graph showing how a river's discharge changes over the course of one year. Aquifer Correct Answer An underground rock layer that contains signi cant amounts of groundwater in its pore spaces that can be extracted and used. Arcuate delta Correct Answer A fan shaped delta. Artesian Well Correct Answer Water that rises under its own pressure through an arti cial hole to the surface from an underground permeable rock. It does not need to be pumped. Attrition Correct Answer A form of erosion that occurs when waves or discharge move material around and the particles become smaller as they rub together. Bankfull Correct Answer After it rains, a river's discharge usually increases. The bankfull discharge is the point when the river channel is full of water, just before it spills out onto its floodplain. The river is at its most ef cient at the bankfull stage. Baseflow Correct Answer There are two meanings of this term: 1. One of the three main ways that water reaches a river. Groundwater that flows down through the rocks towards the nearest river. The phrase 'Groundwater Flow' is an alternative. 2. The proportion of river discharge that is provided by water seeping into the river from the bedrock. Base ow is often clearly labelled on a storm hydrograph