US HISTORY EOC REVIEW FLORIDA

Anaconda plan Apr 19, 1861 Northern plan to blockade southern ports, seize the Mississippi, divide the confederacy and capture richmond. Ku Klux Klan 1866 -Nativist -Terrorist group -Challenged the Radical Republicans during Reconstruction. 13th amendment -Passed by Congress January 31, 1865, and ratified December 6, 1865 -Freed the slaves 14th amendment -Proposed on June 13, 1866 and ratified on July 9, 1868 -Gave African Americans citizenship 15th amendment -Proposed on February 26, 1869, and ratified on February 3, 1870 -Gave African American males the right to vote Plessy v. Ferguson case (1896) It legalized segregation (separate but equal) in America until Brown v. Board of Education in 1954 Populist party -Organized in St. Louis in 1892 -Class of gold speach -Known as the people's party -This political party formed in 1891 to advocate for a larger money supply -(coinage of "Free silver"), and government ownership of railroads 19th century inventions -Took place during the 1800s -Elevators (James Otis) -Bessemer process (Carnegie) -Skyscrapers Mass transit Lightbulb - Edison -Telephone (Bell) -Railroad (Vanderbilt, Rockerfeller, Carnegie) -Automobile/Assembly line (Henry Ford) Impacts of Industrialization -In the mid 1800s -Time zones -Mass Production -Farmers move to cities to work in factories -Pollution -Rise of big business monopolies -Beginning of the labor movement Sherman Anti-trust act -Passed by Congress in 1890 -Example of government regulation -Break up monopolies, failed, used against labor unions Child labor practices -Textile mills -Coal mines -Paid less than adults -1 out of 5 worked -Deprived of education and nutrition Nativists -A sociopolitical policy, especially in the United States in the 1800s -Ex. Kkk -A person who favors native born Americans over immigrants -Portrayed Hostility, hatred, and distrust of new immigrants *Chinese Exclusion Act -A 1882 law that prohibited the immigration of chinese laborers -Was a United States federal law signed by President Chester A. Arthur on May 6, 1882 Gentlemen's agreement (1907) Law limiting how many japan immigrants were a loud Gilded Age -Post Reconstruction era characterized by a facade of prosperity -Satirized an era of serious social problems masked by a thin gold gilding -Mark Twain came up with the term Gilded -Gold on top but cheap in the middle -1870s to about 1900 Upton Sinclair -Wrote: The Jungle (1906), meat packing -A muckraker -A vivid portrait of life and death in a turn-of-the-century American meat-packing factory Booker T Washington and WEB DuBois -Two great leaders of the black community in the late 19th and 20th century -Booker T Washington Gradual change Blacks should earn their rights Economic gains rather than legal gains -WEB DuBois Immediate change Blacks should be given rights Founded NAACP for the advancement of colored people Florida railroad Henry Flagler with the help of John D. Rockefeller What were florida ports used for? -Military -Shiping -The great migration World Affairs through World War I Monroe Doctorine (1823) A foreign policy that discouraged European intervention in the western Hemisphere Roosevelt corollary (1904) -America can intervene when it seems necessary to maintain stability in the Western Hemisphere -*An extension of the Monroe Doctrine -Articulated by President Theodore Roosevelt Open door policy () -Established equil trading rights in china for all nations -Helped incrase America trade in china Who were American imperialistic efforts focused in the Pacific? China, Japan, Hawaii, Philippines, Panama Events leading to Spanish-American War -On April 25, 1898 the United States declared war on Spain following the sinking of the Battleship Maine in Havana harbor on February 15, 1898 -The sinking of the USS Maine, imperialist beliefs that stronger nations should control weaker ones -The main reason for the United States to threaten Spain with war was Spain's inability to guarantee peace and stability in Cuba. Results of Spanish-American War -The war ended with the signing of the Treaty of Paris on December 10, 1898 -American gained: Cuba, The philippines, Puerto Rico, and Guam "Big Stick" Policy () -Theodore Roosevelt -"Speak softly and carry a Big stick." -US sends troops to the Caribbean, known as "America's lake." -Resented by Latin Americans Hardships Americans faced when building the Panama Canal -US supports Panamanian independence from Colombia; granted 10 mile strip of land to build the canal -Mosquitos carried malaria and yellow fever -More than 10 years to complete, thousands of lives lost, and $400 million Long term causes of WWI MAIN: Militarism Alliances Imperialism Nationalism Militarism Build up of military Alliances When you protect other countries Imperialism When one country rules over another Nationalism Extreme pride in your country Why did the US enter WWI Zimmerman note Selective Service Act -Draft or conscription -Conscription and draft are the same Experiences of African Americans -Fought in segregated units -Trained as millitary personnel -They did not see a lot of combat -African Americans were escaping Jim crow laws Great Migration A great migration of African Americans from the rural south to the industrial North WWI technology Trenches -Stellmate, no mans land League of Nations -Woodrow Wilson -June 28, 1919 -Weak -US didnt join it -A world organization to promote peaceful cooperation between countries -US NEVER joins!!!! Treaty of Versailles -It was signed on 28 June 1919 between Germany and the Allied Powers - U.S Doesnt accept because the league of nations is in it -A treaty that ended WWI and punished Germany -Germany had to accept responsibility for the war, pay heavy reparations and disarm -Rejected by US Senate 19th amendment -Passed by Congress June 4, 1919, and ratified on August 18, 1920 -Granted women the right to vote, as reward for their efforts in the war -Efforts made by the National Wommen's Suffrage Association (NAWSA) Dawes Act -Approved on February 8, 1887 -US loans money to Germany so they could make reparation payments to Britain and France, who would repay their debts to the U.S 1920's america -Harlem Renaissance- NAACP (a civil rights organization for ethnic minorities in the united States.) -Flappers Harlem Renaissance happened in? -Harlem, New York -Was the name given to the cultural, social, and artistic explosion that took place in Harlem between the end of World War I and the middle of the 1930s. During this period Harlem was a cultural center, drawing black writers, artists, musicians, photographers, poets, and scholars.