ALL NOCTI SMALL ANIMAL SCIENCE 2023 Study Guide | Questions and Answers 100% Correct

ALL NOCTI SMALL ANIMAL SCIENCE 2023 Study Guide | Questions and Answers 100% Correct OSHA stands for - Occupational Safety and Health Administration Fire needs three things to start: - oxygen, fuel, heat GFI (Ground Fault Interrupters) - The type of outlets that should be used in "wet" areas like the grooming area to prevent electrocution Ground fault protection - Protection against short circuits; a safety device cuts power off as soon as it senses any imbalance between incoming and outgoing current Radiation Hazard Symbol - Biological hazard symbol - Flammable symbol - corrosive chemical hazard symbol - Physical Hazard - Type of occupational hazard that results in harm or injury from slips and falls, heat/cold, noise, broken glass, etc. Chemical Hazard - Type of occupational hazard caused by exposure to substances like laboratory reagents, stains, disinfectants, etc. Biological Hazard - Type of occupational hazard caused by exposure to viruses, bacteria or other living organisms from blood, body tissues and other bodily fluids, contaminated needles/syringes Zoonotic Hazard - Type of occupational hazard caused by diseases that may be spread from animals to people (rabies, ringworm, sarcoptic mange, etc.) - to figure a concentrate dilution like 1:7 (one part concentrate to 7 parts diluent-usually water), add the parts together (1+7=8) and divide it by the size of the container in ounces Cleaning - process of physically removing all visible sign of dirt and organic matter such as feces, blood, and hair Rabies - an acute viral infection that is most commonly transmitted to humans by the bite or saliva of an infected animal Avian Chlamydiosis (Psittacosis) - A bacterial disease of birds that may spread to humans through inhalation of dried fecal secretions and aerosolized respiratory secretions Ringworm (Dermatophytosis) - A fungal infection of the skin characterized by patches of rough, reddened skin that may be transmitted from contact with infected dogs and cats PPE (personal protective equipment) - Items serving as a barrier between a person and pathogens; includes gloves, gowns, masks, goggles, and face shields Dosimeter badge - measures x-ray exposure; worn at collar level OUTSIDE of the lead apron Radiology PPE - Lead apron, lead gloves, lead thyroid shield Nitrile gloves - gloves made from synthetic rubbers known as acrylonitrile and butadiene; these gloves are resistant to tears, punctures, chemicals, and solvents. Latex exam gloves - gloves made from natural rubber, work well in handling infectious materials, advantage over other types is better comfort and dexterity vinyl exam gloves - gloves with less durability, economical, best for non-hazardous material use, looser fit, latex free Disinfecting - process of destroying MOST microorganisms on nonliving things by physical or chemical means Sterilizing - process of destroying all microorganisms and viruses on an object using chemical and/or extreme heat or cold under pressure Cold Sterilization - the process of soaking items in a disinfectant chemical until they are necessary for reuse Steam autoclave - Equipment using direct exposure to steam under pressure at a required temperature for a specified time (Steam, pressure, temperature, time--4 parameters per the CDC) to kill ALL microorganisms. Ultrasonic cleaner - passing high frequency sound waves through a solution create a vibration that scrubs an object (usually surgical instruments) to remove debris Filtration - A process that separates materials based on the size of their particles. Mechanical filter - physical barrier to particles biological filter - filter which supports the colonization of nitrifying bacteria (grow bed/media bed also performs this function) Inhalation, skin contact or eye contact, ingestion, injection - Four major routes by which chemicals may enter the body breathing (through the nose) - the most common way workplace chemicals enter the body skin or eye contact - the second most common way workplace chemicals enter the body SDS - Document listing information pertaining to the use of, safety, first aid, and handling of chemicals that must be on file in the work place. sharps container - A puncture-proof container designed specifically to safely dispose of needles, scalpels, and other sharp disposable medical instruments Contact time - The exposure time for a disinfectant to accomplish the desired antimicrobial effect, as defined by the disinfectant manufacturer. Phenols - disinfectant that should NOT be used near cats due to toxicity potential Infectious disease - disease spread through direct or indirect contact with pathogenic microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, parasites, etc. Isolation Ward - where contagious patients are kept away from all healthy patients Professional Dress - attire appropriate for your workplace Least - When restraining an animal, we want to use the _____________ amount of restraint possible to accomplish the procedure while keeping the patient safe. Restraint - Limiting an animal's normal voluntary movement for purposes of examination, collection of samples, therapy, etc. through physical, psychological, or chemical means Hamster restraint - scoop or scruff whole body. Will bite so control head. Rat restraint - Grasping this small mammal by encircling the shoulders with your thumb under the mandible teeth chattering - A sign heard in rats demonstrating contentment Rabbit restraint - Careful ______________________avoids potential to luxate spine or break legs; never lift by the ears or scruff; always support the lower body. anogenital distance - area between the anus and genitalia; females have a shorter anogenital distance than males, which is used to determine the sex of rodents most commonly Escape routes - Before removing animals from kennels, cages, etc. be aware of any potential _______________ __________________. life expectancy - In general, the smaller the breed of dog the greater its ____________________ ____________________. Rottweilers, Dobermans, Cocker Spaniels, Schnauzers, etc. - Examples of dogs with commonly docked tails Scruff - Cat restraint is best done with a towel (low stress) but may BRIEFLY grasp by the _________________ Substrate - A _________________ is the term meaning the animal's bedding or what is "under its feet". Temperature, humidity, light, noise, air exchanges - Environmental factors that must be considered when providing adequate housing for animals in a facility. Veterinary Medical Record - Legally belonging to the veterinary hospital, this is a collection of documents including consent forms, boarding history, medical history, surgical history, etc. food, water - Fresh ______________ and _______________should be provided daily to all animals housed in a facility unless withheld for medical reasons hygrometer - measures relative humidity environmental enrichment - the provision of stimuli that promote the expression of species appropriate behavioral and mental activities in an environment Hob - intact male ferret Gib - castrated male ferret Ferret: Sprite - female (spayed) ferret Ferret: Jill - female (intact) ferret Ferret: Kit - young male or female ferret Buck - intact male rabbit doe - female rabbit kit - young male or female rabbit Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) - This vitamin is required in the diet of guinea pigs to prevent scurvy Vitamin D - This vitamin is converted from UV light by reptiles amphibian - ectothermic vertebrate capable of living on land and in water (frogs/toads) reptile - An ectothermic vertebrate that lays eggs and has lungs and scaly skin. gerbil - Meriones unguiculatus; small rodent often kept as pet; susceptible to seizures and fur slip of tail ferret - species subject to bone marrow suppression and aplastic anemia due to prolonged estrus; requires a high fat and high protein diet that is very low in fiber hamster - short-tailed Old World burrowing rodent with large cheek pouches; prone to cannibalism of young if stressed Hamster - rodent with gestational average of 15-16 days (Merck) Gerbil - rodent with gestational average of 24-26 days (Merck) Chinchilla - A small South American hystricomorphic rodent with soft gray fur and a long bushy tail; lifespan of about 11 years, gestational average of 111 days Guinea pig - hystricomorphic rodent with gestational average of 63 days 63 days (@57-68 days) - average gestation period of dogs and cats Rabbit - species with gestational average of 31 days Night feces - soft feces of rabbit produced at night that are high in protein and vitamins (esp. Bs) Coprophagy - ingestion of feces Abyssinian Guinea Pig - A guinea pig with its fur/hair arranged in whorls or rosettes Peruvian Guinea Pig - A guinea pig with long, flowing hair/fur English (American) Guinea Pig - A guinea pig with short hair Boar - intact male guinea pig sow - female guinea pig Flemish Giant, Checkered Giant - Giant breed of rabbit bitch - intact female dog queen - intact female cat tom - intact male cat English