AIR METHODS PRE-HIRE EXAM WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
ST elevation is associated with - ANSWER-myocardial injury
ST depressions is associated with - ANSWER-Ischemia, old infarction, digitalis toxicity
Q wave with ST elevation - ANSWER-Acute injury
Q wave with ST depression - ANSWER-Indeterminate
Q wave without ST changes - ANSWER-Old infarction
Coronary Artery Occlusion: Anterior - ANSWER-LAD
Coronary Artery Occlusion: Inferior - ANSWER-RCA
Coronary Artery Occlusion: Posterior - ANSWER-LCX or RCA
Coronary Artery Occlusion: Lateral - ANSWER-LCX
Coronary Artery Occlusion: Septal - ANSWER-LAD
Inferior MI: Elevation leads? Reciprocal leads? - ANSWER-Elevation: II, III, aVF
Reciprocal: I, aVL, V1-V4
Anterior-septal MI: Elevation leads? Reciprocal leads? - ANSWER-Elevation: V1-v4
Reciprocal: II, III, aVF, aVL
Lateral MI: Elevation leads? Reciprocal leads? - ANSWER-Elevation: I, aVL, V5, V5
Reciprocal: II, III, aVF
Posterior MI: Elevation leads? Reciprocal leads? - ANSWER-Elevation: V6
Reciprocal: V1-V4
Junction (J) Point - ANSWER-end of QRS & beginning of ST segment where QRS stops and makes a sudden SHARP change of direction
Delta wave is associated with - ANSWER-Wolff-Parkinson White Syndrome
Where is the Delta wave on EKG - ANSWER-Bump in the beginning of the QRS wave
Osborne wave is associated with - ANSWER-Hypothermia Peaked/tented T waves indicate - ANSWER-Hyperkalemia
Peaked P waves/ Flattened T waves/U waves indicate - ANSWER-Hypokalemia
Wide QRS could indicate x2 - ANSWER-BBB present, TCA overdose
Prolonged QT interval could indicate - ANSWER-TCA overdose
history of tricyclic antidepressant overdose can exhibit what ECG tracing - ANSWER-
Prolonged QT interval
What is the amount of blood in the ventricles at end-diastole - ANSWER-Preload (Right = CVP , Left = PAOP)
What is the resistance the ventricles must overcome to eject blood into the pulmonary and systemic circulation - ANSWER-Afterload (SVR)
Stroke volume is dependent on - ANSWER-contractility, preload, afterload
Sequence blood flows throughout the heart valves (Think toilet paper) - ANSWER-
Tricuspid
Pulmonic
Mitral
Aortic
Common site affected for balloon dislodgment when treating your IABP patient - ANSWER-Left radial
CONTRAINDICATION for IABP - ANSWER-Aortic aneurysm
Aortic insufficiency
Aortic stents
AAA
"rust-colored flakes" in IABP tubing indicates - ANSWER-Balloon rupture
How to determine early or late inflation in IABP - ANSWER-Draw line from dicrotic notch
to inflation point
If the Inflation point (IP) is 2mm+ from the Dicrotic Notch (DN), it indicates - ANSWER-
Early inflation
Primary trigger used from most IABP operations is the - ANSWER-EKG
IABP balloon inflation on EKG starts at - ANSWER-middle of T wave
IABP balloon deflation on EKG prior to - ANSWER-End of QRS complex IABP inflation mechanism occurs at - ANSWER-onset of ventricular diastole
IABP deflation mechanism occurs at - ANSWER-prior onset of ventricular systole
Which patients are not affected with altitude temperature changes - ANSWER-Cardiac patients
Therapy focus for left ventricular heart failure patients - ANSWER-Diuretics and relief of anxiety
Characteristics of Systolic failure (4) - ANSWER-<65 y/o
Frequent/prior MI
S3 heart tone
Cardiomegaly present
Characteristics of Diastolic failure (5) - ANSWER->70 y/o
common in women
frequent hx of HTN
S4 heart tone
NO cardiomegaly
BP MAP formula - ANSWER-(2xDBP) + SBP / 3
Coumadin overdose antidote - ANSWER-Vitamin K, FFP
Medication NOT to give cardiogenic shock and CHF patients - ANSWER-Beta-blockers
Medications for cardiogenic shock - ANSWER-Vasodilator and Positive inotropes
Treatment of decompensating Bradydysrhythmias (FAEDE) - ANSWER-Fluids
Atropine
External pacing
Dopamine
Epinephrine
S/S decompensating Bradydysrhythmias - ANSWER-SBP <90
AMS
Medication NOT to give decompensating Bradydysrhythmias with 2nd degree HB type II
or CHB OR HEART TRANSPLANT - ANSWER-Atropine
S/S decompensating Tachydysrhythmias - ANSWER-SBP <90
AMS
Treatment for decompensating Tachydysrhythmias - ANSWER-Consider sedation
ST elevation is associated with - ANSWER-myocardial injury
ST depressions is associated with - ANSWER-Ischemia, old infarction, digitalis toxicity
Q wave with ST elevation - ANSWER-Acute injury
Q wave with ST depression - ANSWER-Indeterminate
Q wave without ST changes - ANSWER-Old infarction
Coronary Artery Occlusion: Anterior - ANSWER-LAD
Coronary Artery Occlusion: Inferior - ANSWER-RCA
Coronary Artery Occlusion: Posterior - ANSWER-LCX or RCA
Coronary Artery Occlusion: Lateral - ANSWER-LCX
Coronary Artery Occlusion: Septal - ANSWER-LAD
Inferior MI: Elevation leads? Reciprocal leads? - ANSWER-Elevation: II, III, aVF
Reciprocal: I, aVL, V1-V4
Anterior-septal MI: Elevation leads? Reciprocal leads? - ANSWER-Elevation: V1-v4
Reciprocal: II, III, aVF, aVL
Lateral MI: Elevation leads? Reciprocal leads? - ANSWER-Elevation: I, aVL, V5, V5
Reciprocal: II, III, aVF
Posterior MI: Elevation leads? Reciprocal leads? - ANSWER-Elevation: V6
Reciprocal: V1-V4
Junction (J) Point - ANSWER-end of QRS & beginning of ST segment where QRS stops and makes a sudden SHARP change of direction
Delta wave is associated with - ANSWER-Wolff-Parkinson White Syndrome
Where is the Delta wave on EKG - ANSWER-Bump in the beginning of the QRS wave
Osborne wave is associated with - ANSWER-Hypothermia Peaked/tented T waves indicate - ANSWER-Hyperkalemia
Peaked P waves/ Flattened T waves/U waves indicate - ANSWER-Hypokalemia
Wide QRS could indicate x2 - ANSWER-BBB present, TCA overdose
Prolonged QT interval could indicate - ANSWER-TCA overdose
history of tricyclic antidepressant overdose can exhibit what ECG tracing - ANSWER-
Prolonged QT interval
What is the amount of blood in the ventricles at end-diastole - ANSWER-Preload (Right = CVP , Left = PAOP)
What is the resistance the ventricles must overcome to eject blood into the pulmonary and systemic circulation - ANSWER-Afterload (SVR)
Stroke volume is dependent on - ANSWER-contractility, preload, afterload
Sequence blood flows throughout the heart valves (Think toilet paper) - ANSWER-
Tricuspid
Pulmonic
Mitral
Aortic
Common site affected for balloon dislodgment when treating your IABP patient - ANSWER-Left radial
CONTRAINDICATION for IABP - ANSWER-Aortic aneurysm
Aortic insufficiency
Aortic stents
AAA
"rust-colored flakes" in IABP tubing indicates - ANSWER-Balloon rupture
How to determine early or late inflation in IABP - ANSWER-Draw line from dicrotic notch
to inflation point
If the Inflation point (IP) is 2mm+ from the Dicrotic Notch (DN), it indicates - ANSWER-
Early inflation
Primary trigger used from most IABP operations is the - ANSWER-EKG
IABP balloon inflation on EKG starts at - ANSWER-middle of T wave
IABP balloon deflation on EKG prior to - ANSWER-End of QRS complex IABP inflation mechanism occurs at - ANSWER-onset of ventricular diastole
IABP deflation mechanism occurs at - ANSWER-prior onset of ventricular systole
Which patients are not affected with altitude temperature changes - ANSWER-Cardiac patients
Therapy focus for left ventricular heart failure patients - ANSWER-Diuretics and relief of anxiety
Characteristics of Systolic failure (4) - ANSWER-<65 y/o
Frequent/prior MI
S3 heart tone
Cardiomegaly present
Characteristics of Diastolic failure (5) - ANSWER->70 y/o
common in women
frequent hx of HTN
S4 heart tone
NO cardiomegaly
BP MAP formula - ANSWER-(2xDBP) + SBP / 3
Coumadin overdose antidote - ANSWER-Vitamin K, FFP
Medication NOT to give cardiogenic shock and CHF patients - ANSWER-Beta-blockers
Medications for cardiogenic shock - ANSWER-Vasodilator and Positive inotropes
Treatment of decompensating Bradydysrhythmias (FAEDE) - ANSWER-Fluids
Atropine
External pacing
Dopamine
Epinephrine
S/S decompensating Bradydysrhythmias - ANSWER-SBP <90
AMS
Medication NOT to give decompensating Bradydysrhythmias with 2nd degree HB type II
or CHB OR HEART TRANSPLANT - ANSWER-Atropine
S/S decompensating Tachydysrhythmias - ANSWER-SBP <90
AMS
Treatment for decompensating Tachydysrhythmias - ANSWER-Consider sedation
