Fundamentals of Nursing: Oxygenation Latest 2023 Already Passed

Fundamentals of Nursing: Oxygenation Latest 2023 Already Passed Respiration exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide during cellular metabolism 3 Steps of the process of oxygenation: 1. Ventilation 2. Perfusion 3. Diffusion (1) Ventilation process of moving gases into and out of lungs The Major inspiratory muscle of respiration is the ________________. Diaphragm (2) Perfusion the ability of the cardiovascular system to pump oxygenated blood to the tissues and return deoxygenated blood to the lungs (3) Diffusion the process of exchange of respiratory gases in the alveoli and capillaries Work of Breathing (WOB) the effort required to expand and contract the lungs The amount of energy expended on breathing depends on: (3) - rate and depth of breathing - the ease in which the lungs can be expanded (compliance) - airway resistance Inspiration active process, stimulated by chemical receptors in the aorta Expiration passive process that depends on the elastic recoil properties of the lungs, requiring little or no muscle work Surfactant a chemical produced in the lungs to maintain the surface tension of the alveoli and keep them from collapsing. Patients with advanced _________________ lose the elastic recoil of the lungs and thorax. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Atelectasis a collapse of the alveoli that prevents normal exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide Compliance the ability of lungs to distend or expand in response to increased intra-alveolar pressure Airway