NU 545 Unit 1 Test Bank c. Endothelial cell expansion
d. Emigration of neutrophils
Questions and Answers-
6. What process causes heat and redness to occur during the
inflammatory process?
University of South Alabama
a. Vasodilation of blood vessels
b. Platelet aggregation
c. Decreased capillary permeability
1. Which action is a purpose of the inflammatory process? d. Endothelial cell contraction
a. To provide specific responses toward antigens
b. To lyse cell membranes of microorganisms 7. What does activation of the classical pathway begin with?
c. To prevent infection of the injured tissue a. Viruses
d. To create immunity against subsequent tissue injury b. Antigen-antibody complexes
c. Mast cells
2. How do surfactant proteins A through D provide innate resistance? d. Macrophages
a. Initiate the complement cascade.
b. Promote phagocytosis. 8. What plasma protein system forms a fibrinous meshwork at an inflamed
c. Secrete mucus. site?
d. Synthesize lysosomes. a. Complement
b. Coagulation
3. Which secretion is a first line of defense against pathogen invasion that c. Kinin
involves antibacterial and antifungal fatty acids, as well as lactic acid? a. d. Fibrinolysis
Optic tears
b. Oral saliva 9. Which component of the plasma protein system tags pathogenic
c. Sweat gland perspiration microorganisms for destruction by neutrophils and macrophages?
d. Sebaceous gland sebum a. Complement cascade
b. Coagulation system
4. Which bacterium grows in the intestines after prolonged antibiotic c. Kinin system
therapy? d. Immune system
a. Lactobacillus
b. Candida albicans 10. What is the vascular effect of histamine released from mast cells?
c. Clostridium difficile a. Platelet adhesion
d. Helicobacter pylori b. Initiation of the clotting cascade
c. Vasodilation
5. What causes the edema that occurs during the inflammatory process? d. Increased endothelial adhesiveness
a. Vasodilation of blood vessels 11. What is an outcome of the complement cascade?
b. Increased capillary permeability a. Activation of the clotting cascade
,b. Prevention of the spread of infection to adjacent tissues b. Activation
c. Inactivation of chemical mediators such as histamine c. Acceleration
d. Lysis of bacterial cell membranes d. Termination
12. What is the function of opsonization related to the complement 17. Frequently when H1 and H2 receptors are located on the same
cascade? cells, they act in what fashion? a. Synergistically
a. To tag pathogenic microorganisms for destruction by neutrophils and b. Additively
macrophages c. Antagonistically
d. Agonistically
b. To process pathogenic microorganisms so that activated lymphocytes
can be created for acquired immunity 18. Some older adults have impaired inflammation and wound healing
c. To destroy glycoprotein cell membranes of pathogenic microorganisms because of which problem?
d. To promote anaphylatoxic activity, resulting in mast cell degranulation a. Circulatory system cannot adequately perfuse tissues.
b. Complement and chemotaxis are deficient.
13. In the coagulation (clotting) cascade, the intrinsic and the extrinsic c. Underlying chronic illness(es) exists.
pathways converge at which factor? d. Number of mast cells is insufficient.
a. XII
b. VII 19. Which chemical mediator derived from mast cells retracts
c. X endothelial cells to increase vascular permeability and to cause
d. V leukocyte adhesion to endothelial cells? a. Chemokines
b. Prostaglandin E
14. Which chemical interacts among all plasma protein systems by c. Platelet-activating factor
degrading blood clots, activating complement, and activating the d. Bradykinin
Hageman factor?
a. Kallikrein 20. What is the inflammatory effect of nitric oxide (NO)?
b. Histamine a. Increases capillary permeability, and causes pain
c. Bradykinin b. Increases neutrophil chemotaxis and platelet aggregation
d. Plasmin c. Causes smooth muscle contraction and fever
d. Decreases mast cell function, and decreases platelet aggregation
15. How does the chemotactic factor affect the inflammatory process? 21. What is the correct sequence in phagocytosis?
a. By causing vasodilation around the inflamed area a. Engulfment, recognition, fusion, destruction
b. By stimulating smooth muscle contraction in the inflamed area b. Fusion, engulfment, recognition, destruction
c. By directing leukocytes to the inflamed area c. Recognition, engulfment, fusion, destruction
d. By producing edema around the inflamed area d. Engulfment, fusion, recognition, destruction
16. What effect does the process of histamine binding to the histamine-
2 (H2) receptor have on inflammation? a. Inhibition
, 22. When considering white blood cell differentials, acute 27. Which manifestation of inflammation is systemic?
inflammatory reactions are related to elevations of which leukocyte? a. Formation of exudates
a. Monocytes b. Fever and leukocytosis
b. Eosinophils c. Redness and heat
c. Neutrophils d. Pain and edema
d. Basophils
28. The acute inflammatory response is characterized by fever that
23. In the later stages of an inflammatory response, which phagocytic cell is produced by the hypothalamus being affected by what? a.
is predominant? Endogenous pyrogens
a. Neutrophils b. Bacterial endotoxin
b. Monocytes c. Antigen-antibody complexes
c. Chemokines d. Exogenous pyrogens
d. Eosinophils
29. What occurs during the process of repair after tissue damage?
24. In regulating vascular mediators released from mast cells, the role of a. Nonfunctioning scar tissue replaces destroyed tissue.
eosinophils is to release what? b. Regeneration occurs; the original tissue is replaced.
a. Arylsulfatase B, which stimulates the formation of B lymphocytes c. Resolution occurs; tissue is regenerated.
b. Histaminase, which limits the effects of histamine during acute d. Epithelialization replaces destroyed tissue.
inflammation
30. What is the role of fibroblasts during the reconstructive phase of
c. Lysosomal enzymes, which activate mast cell degranulation during wound healing?
acuteinflammation a. Generate new capillaries from vascular endothelial cells around the
d. Immunoglobulin E, which defends the body against parasites wound.
b. Establish connections between neighboring cells and contract their
25. What is a role of a natural killer (NK) cells? fibers.
a. Initiation of the complement cascade c. Synthesize and secrete collagen and the connective tissue proteins.
b. Elimination of malignant cells d. Provide enzymes that débride the wound bed of dead cells.
c. Binding tightly to antigens 31. A keloid is the result of which dysfunctional wound healing response?
d. Proliferation after immunization with antigen a. Epithelialization
26. Which cytokine is produced and released from virally infected host b. Contraction
cells? c. Collagen matrix assembly
a. IL-1 d. Maturation
b. IL-10
c. TNF 32. A student is preparing to irrigate a patient’s wound and gathers
d. IFN supplies, including hydrogen peroxide. What response by the health care
professional is best?
d. Emigration of neutrophils
Questions and Answers-
6. What process causes heat and redness to occur during the
inflammatory process?
University of South Alabama
a. Vasodilation of blood vessels
b. Platelet aggregation
c. Decreased capillary permeability
1. Which action is a purpose of the inflammatory process? d. Endothelial cell contraction
a. To provide specific responses toward antigens
b. To lyse cell membranes of microorganisms 7. What does activation of the classical pathway begin with?
c. To prevent infection of the injured tissue a. Viruses
d. To create immunity against subsequent tissue injury b. Antigen-antibody complexes
c. Mast cells
2. How do surfactant proteins A through D provide innate resistance? d. Macrophages
a. Initiate the complement cascade.
b. Promote phagocytosis. 8. What plasma protein system forms a fibrinous meshwork at an inflamed
c. Secrete mucus. site?
d. Synthesize lysosomes. a. Complement
b. Coagulation
3. Which secretion is a first line of defense against pathogen invasion that c. Kinin
involves antibacterial and antifungal fatty acids, as well as lactic acid? a. d. Fibrinolysis
Optic tears
b. Oral saliva 9. Which component of the plasma protein system tags pathogenic
c. Sweat gland perspiration microorganisms for destruction by neutrophils and macrophages?
d. Sebaceous gland sebum a. Complement cascade
b. Coagulation system
4. Which bacterium grows in the intestines after prolonged antibiotic c. Kinin system
therapy? d. Immune system
a. Lactobacillus
b. Candida albicans 10. What is the vascular effect of histamine released from mast cells?
c. Clostridium difficile a. Platelet adhesion
d. Helicobacter pylori b. Initiation of the clotting cascade
c. Vasodilation
5. What causes the edema that occurs during the inflammatory process? d. Increased endothelial adhesiveness
a. Vasodilation of blood vessels 11. What is an outcome of the complement cascade?
b. Increased capillary permeability a. Activation of the clotting cascade
,b. Prevention of the spread of infection to adjacent tissues b. Activation
c. Inactivation of chemical mediators such as histamine c. Acceleration
d. Lysis of bacterial cell membranes d. Termination
12. What is the function of opsonization related to the complement 17. Frequently when H1 and H2 receptors are located on the same
cascade? cells, they act in what fashion? a. Synergistically
a. To tag pathogenic microorganisms for destruction by neutrophils and b. Additively
macrophages c. Antagonistically
d. Agonistically
b. To process pathogenic microorganisms so that activated lymphocytes
can be created for acquired immunity 18. Some older adults have impaired inflammation and wound healing
c. To destroy glycoprotein cell membranes of pathogenic microorganisms because of which problem?
d. To promote anaphylatoxic activity, resulting in mast cell degranulation a. Circulatory system cannot adequately perfuse tissues.
b. Complement and chemotaxis are deficient.
13. In the coagulation (clotting) cascade, the intrinsic and the extrinsic c. Underlying chronic illness(es) exists.
pathways converge at which factor? d. Number of mast cells is insufficient.
a. XII
b. VII 19. Which chemical mediator derived from mast cells retracts
c. X endothelial cells to increase vascular permeability and to cause
d. V leukocyte adhesion to endothelial cells? a. Chemokines
b. Prostaglandin E
14. Which chemical interacts among all plasma protein systems by c. Platelet-activating factor
degrading blood clots, activating complement, and activating the d. Bradykinin
Hageman factor?
a. Kallikrein 20. What is the inflammatory effect of nitric oxide (NO)?
b. Histamine a. Increases capillary permeability, and causes pain
c. Bradykinin b. Increases neutrophil chemotaxis and platelet aggregation
d. Plasmin c. Causes smooth muscle contraction and fever
d. Decreases mast cell function, and decreases platelet aggregation
15. How does the chemotactic factor affect the inflammatory process? 21. What is the correct sequence in phagocytosis?
a. By causing vasodilation around the inflamed area a. Engulfment, recognition, fusion, destruction
b. By stimulating smooth muscle contraction in the inflamed area b. Fusion, engulfment, recognition, destruction
c. By directing leukocytes to the inflamed area c. Recognition, engulfment, fusion, destruction
d. By producing edema around the inflamed area d. Engulfment, fusion, recognition, destruction
16. What effect does the process of histamine binding to the histamine-
2 (H2) receptor have on inflammation? a. Inhibition
, 22. When considering white blood cell differentials, acute 27. Which manifestation of inflammation is systemic?
inflammatory reactions are related to elevations of which leukocyte? a. Formation of exudates
a. Monocytes b. Fever and leukocytosis
b. Eosinophils c. Redness and heat
c. Neutrophils d. Pain and edema
d. Basophils
28. The acute inflammatory response is characterized by fever that
23. In the later stages of an inflammatory response, which phagocytic cell is produced by the hypothalamus being affected by what? a.
is predominant? Endogenous pyrogens
a. Neutrophils b. Bacterial endotoxin
b. Monocytes c. Antigen-antibody complexes
c. Chemokines d. Exogenous pyrogens
d. Eosinophils
29. What occurs during the process of repair after tissue damage?
24. In regulating vascular mediators released from mast cells, the role of a. Nonfunctioning scar tissue replaces destroyed tissue.
eosinophils is to release what? b. Regeneration occurs; the original tissue is replaced.
a. Arylsulfatase B, which stimulates the formation of B lymphocytes c. Resolution occurs; tissue is regenerated.
b. Histaminase, which limits the effects of histamine during acute d. Epithelialization replaces destroyed tissue.
inflammation
30. What is the role of fibroblasts during the reconstructive phase of
c. Lysosomal enzymes, which activate mast cell degranulation during wound healing?
acuteinflammation a. Generate new capillaries from vascular endothelial cells around the
d. Immunoglobulin E, which defends the body against parasites wound.
b. Establish connections between neighboring cells and contract their
25. What is a role of a natural killer (NK) cells? fibers.
a. Initiation of the complement cascade c. Synthesize and secrete collagen and the connective tissue proteins.
b. Elimination of malignant cells d. Provide enzymes that débride the wound bed of dead cells.
c. Binding tightly to antigens 31. A keloid is the result of which dysfunctional wound healing response?
d. Proliferation after immunization with antigen a. Epithelialization
26. Which cytokine is produced and released from virally infected host b. Contraction
cells? c. Collagen matrix assembly
a. IL-1 d. Maturation
b. IL-10
c. TNF 32. A student is preparing to irrigate a patient’s wound and gathers
d. IFN supplies, including hydrogen peroxide. What response by the health care
professional is best?
