AP Bio - Unit 2: Progress Check Exam Questions with 100% Correct Answers

A certain type of specialized cell contains an unusually large amount of rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Which of the following functions is this cell type most likely specialized to perform? Correct Answer The production and secretion of proteins A group of mutations, known as MT-ND1, have been identified in mitochondrial DNA. These mutations are associated with a number of debilitating diseases stemming from the production of nonfunctional proteins in the mitochondria. Which of the following cellular deficiencies would most likely be related to these MT-ND1 mutations? Correct Answer The cell is unable to complete reactions related to electron transport and ATP production. A scientist is studying the various prokaryotic and eukaryotic species found floating in a sample of water taken from a marine ecosystem. Which cellular component will be found in the widest range of organisms in the sample? Correct Answer The ribosome, since all organisms need to synthesize proteins. In an experiment, researchers provided a radiolabeled amino acid to living plant cells. After one hour, the researchers determined the amount of the radiolabeled amino acid that was in each of several subcellular compartments. The results of the experiment are represented in the table. RELATIVE AMOUNTS OF RADIOLABELED AMINO ACID NucleusMitochondriaEndoplasmic ReticulumCytosol2.12.71.91 Which of the following conclusions about the radiolabeled amino acid is best supported by the results of the experiment? Correct Answer It was mostly incorporated into proteins that regulate and manage metabolic reactions. Researchers conducted an experiment to investigate the effects of a valinomycin treatment on skeletal muscle cells. Valinomycin is a naturally occurring substance that can be used as a drug. The results of the experiment are presented in the table. Relative Rates of ATP ProductionTime after TreatmentUntreated CellsValinomycin-Treated Cells5 minutes1.00.310 minutes7.72.7