ESOL GACE questions and answers verified and updated 2023.

ESOL GACE questions and answers verified and updated 2023. Sociolinguistics - correct answers.The study of how social conditions influence the use of language Code Switching - correct answers.Interspersing one language with another Dialect - correct answers.Complete system of verbal communication (oral or signed, not written) with its own pronunciation, vocabulary and grammar; often associated with regions or social groups Pragmatics - correct answers.The study of how the context impacts the interpretation of language Phonology - correct answers.The way in which speech sounds form patterns Phonemes - correct answers.The smallest unit of sound that affects meaning Phonographemics - correct answers.Study of letters and letter combinations Homonyms - correct answers.General term for word forms that have two or more meanings Homophones - correct answers.Two words with the same pronunciation, but different meaning and spelling (wood/would, cite/sight) Homographs - correct answers.Two words with the same spelling or pronunciation, but different meanings (stalk-to follow, stalk-part of a plant) Heteronyms - correct answers.Two words that have the same spelling, but different pronunciation and meanings (Polish, polish) Morphology - correct answers.How te words of a language are formed to create meaningful messages Morpheme - correct answers.Smallest unit of a language system that has meaning Syntax - correct answers.Order words are arranged to create meaning Standardizer - correct answers.One who successfully integrates new knowledge Simplifier - correct answers.Reverts to syntactical rules of earlier stages (requires a reteach) Semantics - correct answers.The meaning of words DIscourse - correct istic components of several sentences BICS - correct answers.Basic Interpersonal Communication Skills CALP - correct answers.Cognitive Academic Language Proficiency CUP - correct answers.Common Underlying Proficiency (skills that can transfer from L1 to English learning LAD - correct answers.Language Acquisition Device Chomsky - correct answers.Language Acquisition Device Language Acquisition Device - correct e, nature, experience using language activates Behaviorist Theory - correct answers.Children learn by being rewarded Piaget - correct answers.Cognitive Constructivism Cognitive Constructivism - correct answers.Language as reflection of thought, does not contribute to development of thinking, cognitive thinking precedes language development Vygotsky - correct answers.Social Constructivism and Language Social Constructivism and Language - correct answers.Language first as social communication, promotes language and cognition Intentionality - correct answers.Language part of holistic development, depends on environment Error analysis - correct answers.Recognizing patterns of error Interlanguage - correct answers.Universal aspects of target language Development patterns - correct answers.The order in which features of a language are acquired and sequenced The Acquisition/Learning Hypothesis - correct answers.Difference between acquisition and learning (coursework, study, memorization) The Monitor Hypothesis - correct answers.Learned language monitors the acquired The Natural Order Hypothesis - correct answers.Grammar structures are logical and follow a natural order The Input Hypothesis - correct answers.Comprehensible Input (learning best when instruction is just above ability) The Affective Filter Hypothesis - correct answers.People learn best when relaxed, motivated and self-confident Steps of learning - correct answers.1) Silent period, 2) Private speech, 3) Lexical chunks, 4) Formulaic speech, and 5) Experimental or simplified speech PRAC - correct answers.Practicing, receiving/sending messages, analyzing and reasoning, and creating structure Critical Period Hypothesis - correct answers.First ten years best for SLA Cultural relativism - correct answers.Beliefs and understandings should be understood in the context of society Cultural universalism - correct nts, patterns, traits or institutions that are comon to all human cultures Assimilation - correct ss of integration Acculturation - correct answers.Becoming accustomed to customs, languages, practices, environment of a new culture or group Transculturation - correct answers.Acculturation for an individual Accommodation - correct answers.Motivations underlying adapting our language and communication patterns to others