Dental Hygiene National Board| Clinical Dental Hygiene/Fluoride and Antimicrobials Questions with Correct Answers

What are some examples of bio-hazard waste? - Sharps, items that drip of blood and/or saliva, and hard and soft tissues removed from patient The bio-hazard waste or regulated true or false? - True When should we change our mask? - When it becomes wet or soiled with every patient. That includes your fluids as well. What is the purpose of PPE? - Is to minimize the exposure to Aerosol, Spatter, Direct transmission, and Indirect transmission (ASDI) Do disinfectants kill spores? - NO What are some types of disinfectants? - Chlorine-based compounds, iodophors, phenols, quaternary compounds What are some bad qualities of chlorine-based compounds? - corrosive to metals and strong odor What are some bad qualities of phenols? - may leave a film or residue on surfaces What are some bad qualities of iodophors? - can discolor some surfaces yellow What are some bad qualities of quaternary compounds? - not corrosive, but have a lower kill spectrum What would be some good qualities of disinfectants? - rapid, broad spectrum antimicrobial, bacteriocidal, fungicidal, tuberculocidal, virucidal, odorless, easy to use, fast acting, economical, residual effect which it continues to work after it dries, not toxic to touch or inhalation, EPA registered, and disinfects and cleans. Is a spatter invisible to the eye? - NO, can see it when airborne Is aerosol invisible to the eye? - yes, remain in the air for a while What sheet provides an employee with information regarding the hazards of chemicals utilized in the office and how to protect themself? - MSDS (Material Safety Data Sheet) What disinfectant should not be used as a surface disinfectant in the office and why? - Glutaraldehydes, toxic effects of fumes; also corrosive What kind of disinfectants are used in the dental office? - Intermediate What are some methods of sterilization? - Chemical, Dry, and Steam During chemical sterilization, how long at what degree and pressure are used? - 20 min @ 270 degree F @ 20-40 lbs psi During Dry sterilization, how long at what degree are used? - 60-120 min @ 320 degree F During Steam sterilization, how long at what degree and pressure are used? - 20-30 min @ 250 degree F @ 15-30lb psi What method of sterilization involves the least temperature? - Steam at 250 degree F What are some considerations when using the chemical method? - ventilation is necessary, may damage rubber and plastic items What are some considerations when using the dry method? - recommended for metal instruments, avoid paper products, may damage, rubber and plastic items, and not recommended for handpieces. What are some considerations when using the steam method? - corrodes non-stainless steel instruments, dulls instruments and burs, ok for some plastics; cotton rolls and gauze, paper packages come out wet and tear. What is the only way to tell if the instruments are sterilized? - A weekly spore test Does indicator tape always guarantee sterility? - NO, only spore test What spore test is used with chemical sterilization? - Geobacillus (formerly Bacillus) stearothermophilus What spore test is used with dry sterilization (static air)? - Bacillus atrophaeus/ subtilis What spore test is used with steam sterilization? - Geobacillus (formerly Bacillus) Stearothermophilus What 2 sterilization methods use the spore test Geobacillus (Bacillus)? - Chemical and Steam What is another name for spore testing? - Biological Indicators What should the Dental Hygienist do if there are any questions regarding the patients medical hx? - Always contact the patient's physician first What is the systolic pressure? - ventricles of the heart contract sending blood into circulation What is the diastolic pressure? - ventricles of the heart relax to fill with blood returned by circulation