Exam 2: Fetal Assessment During Labor Questions with Correct Solutions Rated A+

Electronic Fetal monitoring This is a useful tool for visualizing FHR patterns on a monitor screen or printed tracing and continues to be the primary mode of intrapartum fetal assessment Vessels Reasons for Decreased Fetal Oxygen Supply Reduction of blood through the maternal _________ as a result of hypertension, hypotension, hemorrhage, or hypovolemia Oxygen Reasons for Decreased Fetal Oxygen Supply Reduction of the _______ content in the maternal blood as a result of hemorrhage or severe anemia Circulation Reasons for Decreased Fetal Oxygen Supply Alterations in fetal _____________, occurring with compression of the umbilical cord, placental separation or complete abruption, or head compression Intervillious Reasons for Decreased Fetal Oxygen Supply Reduction in blood flow to the ____________ space in the placenta secondary to uterine hypertonus or secondary to deterioration of the placental vasculature associated with maternal disorders Hypoxemia Abnormal FHR patterns are those associated with fetal _______, which is a deficiency of oxygen in the arterial blood Hypoxia If abnormal FHR patterns are not corrected, hypoxemia can deteriorate to severe fetal ________, which is an inadequate supply of oxygen at the cellular level Intermittent _______________ auscultation involves listening to fetal heart sounds at periodic internals to assess the FHR External Fetal Monitoring This type of fetal monitoring uses an ultrasound transducer to reflex high-frequency sound waves off a moving interface, which is usually fetal heart and valves Tocotransducer External Fetal Monitoring This device is placed over the uterine fundus and held securely in place using an elastic belt Membranes External Fetal Monitoring This method of monitoring is especially useful for measuring uterine activity (UA) during the first stage of labor in women with intact _____________ or for antepartum testing Internal Fetal Monitoring This method of fetal monitoring allows a more accurate appraisal of fetal well-being during labor because it is not interrupted by fetal or maternal movement or affected by maternal size Presenting Part Internal Fetal Monitoring This method of monitoring is accomplished by attaching a small spiral electrode to what? Intrauterine Internal Fetal Monitoring In internal monitoring, a catheter with a pressure sensitive tip is used. It measures changes in __________ pressure 50 - 85 mm HG Internal Fetal Monitoring As the catheter is compressed during a contraction, pressure is placed on the pressure transducer. This pressure is converted into a pressure reading in mm Hg. What is the average pressure during a contraction? Baseline The _________ fetal heart rate is the average rate during a 10 minute segment that excludes periodic or episodic changes, period of marked variability, and segments that differ by more than 25 bpm 110-160 bpm What is the normal range of a baseline fetal heart rate? Variability Fetal Heart Rate Patterns This can be described as irregular waves of fluctuations in the baseline FHR of two cycles per minute or greater. Moderate ___________ is considered normal Tachycardia Fetal Heart Rate Patterns This is a baseline FHR greater than 160 bpm for a duration of 10 minutes or longer. It can be an early sign of fetal hypoxemia. Can result from fetal/maternal infection, maternal hyperparathyroidism Bradycardia Fetal Heart Rate Patterns This is a baseline FHR less than 110 bpm for a duration of 10 minutes or longer. Often caused by a fetal cardiac issue such as defects in the pacemaker, conduction system, or fetal heart failure. Also caused by hypoglycemia Periodic Fetal Heart Rate Patterns ___________ changes in FHR are those that occur with uterine contractions (UC)