Test Bank - Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry, 8th Edition (Nelson, 2022), Chapter 1-28 | All Chapters

Test Bank - Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry, 8th Edition (Nelson, 2022), Chapter 1-28 | All Chapters Page 1 Test Bank: Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry, 8th Edition, David L. Nelson Chapters 1-28. 1. In a bacterial cell, the DNA is in the: A) cell envelope. B) cell membrane. C) nucleoid. D) nucleus. E) ribosomes. 2. A major change occurring in the evolution of eukaryotes from prokaryotes was the development of: A) DNA. B) photosynthetic capability. C) plasma membranes. D) ribosomes. E) the nucleus. 3. In eukaryotes, the nucleus is enclosed by a double membrane called the: A) cell membrane. B) nuclear envelope. C) nucleolus. D) nucleoplasm. E) nucleosome. 4. The dimensions of living cells are limited, on the lower end by the minimum number of biomolecules necessary for function, and on the upper end by the rate of diffusion of solutes such as oxygen. Except for highly elongated cells, they usually have lengths and diameters in the range of: A) 0.1 m to 10 m. B) 0.3 m to 30 m. C) 0.3 m to 100 m. D) 1 m to 100 m. E) 1 m to 300 m. Page 2 5. Which group of single-celled microorganisms has many members found growing in extreme environments? A) bacteria B) archaea C) eukaryotes D) heterotrophs E) None of the answers is correct. 6. The bacterium E. coli requires simple organic molecules for growth and energy—it is therefore a: A) chemoautotroph. B) chemoheterotroph. C) lithotroph. D) photoautotroph. E) photoheterotroph. 7. Which is a list of organelles? A) mitochondria, chromatin, endoplasmic reticulum B) peroxisomes, lysosomes, plasma membrane C) proteasomes, peroxisomes, lysosomes D) mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, peroxisomes E) All of the answers are correct. 8. Which list has the cellular components arranged in order of INCREASING size? A) amino acid < protein < mitochondrion < ribosome B) amino acid < protein < ribosome < mitochondrion C) amino acid < ribosome < protein < mitochondrion D) protein < amino acid < mitochondrion < ribosome E) protein < ribosome < mitochondrion < amino acid 9. The three-dimensional structure of macromolecules is formed and maintained primarily through noncovalent interactions. Which one of the following is NOT considered a noncovalent interaction? A) carbon-carbon bonds B) hydrogen bonds C) hydrophobic interactions D) ionic interactions E) van der Waals interactions Page 3 10. Which element is NOT among the four most abundant in living organisms? A) carbon B) hydrogen C) nitrogen D) oxygen E) phosphorus 11. The four covalent bonds in methane (CH 4) are arranged around carbon to give which geometry? A) linear B) tetrahedral C) trigonal bipyramidal D) trigonal planar E) trigonal pyramidal 12. What functional groups are present on this molecule? A) ether and aldehyde B) hydroxyl and aldehyde C) hydroxyl and carboxylic acid D) hydroxyl and ester E) hydroxyl and ketone 13. The macromolecules that serve in the storage and transmission of genetic information are: A) carbohydrates. B) lipids. C) membranes. D) nucleic acids. E) proteins. 14. Stereoisomers that are nonsuperimposable mirror images of each other are known as: A) anomers. B) cis-trans isomers. C) diastereoisomers. D) enantiomers. E) geometric isomers.