Advanced Pathophysiology Midterm 6501 Walden University | 66 Questions and Answers(A+ Solution guide)

A runner has depleted all the oxygen available for muscle energy. Which of the following will facilitate his continued muscle performance? - Answer: Anaerobic glycolysis What causes the rapid change in the resting membrane potential that initiates an action potential? - Answer: Sodium gates open, and sodium rushes into the cell, changing the membrane potential from negative to positive. A 12-year-old male is diagnosed with Klinefelter syndrome. His karyotype would reveal which of the following? - Answer: XXY A nurse is reviewing the pedigree chart. When checking for a proband, what is the nurse looking for? - Answer: The person who is first diagnosed with a genetic disease An aide asks the nurse why people who have neurofibromatosis will show varying degrees of the disease. Which genetic principle should the nurse explain to the aide? - Answer: Expressivity In teaching a patient with cirrhosis, which information should the nurse include regarding cholesterol? - Answer: Cholesterol decreases the membrane fluidity of the erythrocyte, which reduces its ability to carry oxygen. When a patient asks what causes cystic fibrosis, how should the nurse respond? Cystic fibrosis is caused by an _____ gene - Answer: Autosomal recessive How are potassium and sodium transported across plasma membranes? - Answer: By adenosine triphosphate enzyme (ATPase) The nurse would be correct in identifying the predominant extracellular cation as: - Answer: Sodium