CAPA/CPAN, Top Exam Questions and answers, 100% Accurate. VERIFIED.

CAPA/CPAN, Top Exam Questions and answers, 100% Accurate. VERIFIED. General anesthesia- - -states of reversible unconsciousness where protective reflexes are particle or completely lost, muscle relaxation, sedation, and amnesia obtained Moderate sedation anesthesia- - -relaxed, non paralyzed state of analgesia Regional anesthesia- - -loss of body sensation to region Factor in anesthesia selection- - -age, physical status, type of surgery, patient wishes, site of surgery/body position ASA physical status classification- - -the specific risk the patient has to developing a complication after to the procedure. ASA 1- - -normal healthy patient ASA 2- - -patient with mild, systemic disease... smoker, pregnancy, obesity, mild drinker ASA 3- - -severe systemic disease...poorly controlled DM, HTN, COPD, obesity, history MI, stents -some disagreement between anesthesia providers ASA 4- - -patient with incapacitating systemic disease. ESRD, severe cardiac valve dysfunction, stents, sepsis ASA 5- - -not expected stop survive without the operation ASA 6- - -organ donor, patient passed as brain dead "E" ASA status- - -emergency patient with unknown history. this can be added to any of the statuses Stage 1 of anesthesia- - --analgesia stage- conscious and rational, follows simple commands, perception of pain is diminished but reflexes are intact Stage 2 of anesthesia- - --delirium- unconscious, body responds reflexively, pupils dilated, breath holding, respirations irregular, muscle tone intact. most at risk for laryngospasm and aspiration. also MI Stage 3 of anesthesia- - --surgical anesthesia- increasing degrees of muscular relaxation, unable to protect airway Stage 4 of anesthesia- - --medullary depression- depression of cardiovascular and respiratory centers considered overdose Recovery and Emergence of anesthesia- - -occurs in reverse order of induction...surgical, delirium, analgesia. Hypnotic anesthesia or otherwise known as? - -barbiturates Methohexital (brevital)- - -barbiturates used for induction, sedation, and MAC...no antagonists SE: hiccups, and coughing Etomidate (amidate)- - -an induction agent that is a non-barbiturate. emergency type situation because very short acting hypnotic, no analgesia. decreases cerebral blood flow and cerebral oxygen consumption without decreasing BP aka good for neuro patients.. SE: can suppress adrenal function for 5-8 hours Propofol (deprivan)- - -non-barbiturate