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Samenvatting fungi

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Volledige samenvatting van slides en notities tijdens de les, meer dan voldoende voor het examen!

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Uploaded on
August 11, 2023
Number of pages
22
Written in
2023/2024
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Fungi




1

,GISTEN EN SCHIMMELS

• Inleidende begrippen
• Oppervlakkige, cutane en subcutane mycosen
• Diepe mycosen
o Importmycosen
o Opportunistische mycosen




INLEIDING

CELLULAIRE STRUCTUUR
Eukaryote organismen
• Complex cytoplasma met celorganellen omgeven door membraan
• Nucleus met diploïd aantal chromosomen
• (ergo)sterolen in cytoplasmamembraan of plasmalemma
o 1 v voornaamste targets v fungistatica


CELWAND
• Rigide meerlagige celwand (chitine) v NAcGlc bovenop plasmalemma (kleuren G-positief)




• Op celwand laag polysacchariden en polypeptiden
• Sommige fungi hebben polysaccharide kapsel
o Belangrijke resistentie tegen fagocytose



BASIS MORFOLOGIE
2 basis morfologiën:
1. Gisten: unicellulair
2. Hyphae: multicellulair (vgl met bomen: uitgebreide wortelstructuur en kruin)




2

, GISTEN
• Unicellulair
• Asexuele vermenigvuldiging via vorming v blastoconidia (budding) of splitsing
o Inleiding : gisten
BLASTOCONIDIA = uitstulpingen die altijd groter w → 2 nieuwe cellen
• unicellulair, asexuele vermenigvuldiging
• 10 x groter dan bacteriën
via vorming van blastoconidia
(budding) of splitsing




HYPHAE
• Vertakkende filamenteuze structuur, groei aan tip door extensie (bijkomen nieuwe cellen)
• Filamenten met septa of zonder septa (coenocytisch)
• Vegetatieve of oppervlakkige hyphae
o vegetatieve = filamenten die in voedsel v schimmel zitten
• Mycelium = massa v hyphae
• Conidia (sporen) = gespecialiseerde structuren aan tip hyphae voor asexuele voortplanting
o Sporendrager

Inleiding : hyphae
Huis, tuin en keukenschimmels




hyphae
met septa
conidia
(sporen)

septum
ontkiemen
conidiofoor hyphae

nucleus
vegetatieve hyphae
oppervlakkige hyphae
coenocytische
hyphae




mycelium



Inleiding : hyphae



Conidiofoor


Conidiofoor




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