ONCC Practice Test questions with correct answers-OCN ( Treatment Modalities)

A patient demonstrates an adequate understanding of the teaching provided regarding chemotherapy and myelosuppression by stating: "Myelosuppression is: a potential side effect of many cancer treatments." unintentional prior to a bone marrow transplant." when laboratory values show an elevation in the white blood cell count." the overreaction of the body's immune system to a medication." a potential side effect of many cancer treatments." Answer: Chemotherapy will decrease the response by the immune system by causing neutropenia, anemia, and thrombocytopenia, collectively known as myelosuppression. Reference: Polovich, M., Olsen, M., & LeFebvre, K. (Eds.). (2014). Chemotherapy and biotherapy guidelines and recommendations for practice (4th ed.). Pittsburgh, PA: Oncology Nursing Society, p. 171. Alkylating agents exert their effects by: binding to DNA strands, preventing DNA replication and cell division. causing the release of toxic free radicals inside the cell, triggering cell apoptosis. attaching to CD52 on the surface of B and T cells, resulting in antibody-dependent lysis. disrupting folate-dependent metabolic processes essential for cell replication. binding to DNA strands, preventing DNA replication and cell division. Answer: Alkalyting agents break the DNA helix strand and interfere with DNA replication. Reference: Polovich, M., Olsen, M., & LeFebvre, K. (Eds.). (2014). Chemotherapy and biotherapy guidelines and recommendations for practice (4th ed.). Pittsburgh, PA: Oncology Nursing Society, p. 27(t). The nurse preparing to instill intravesical mitomycin should wear which of the following pieces of personal protective equipment? A plastic face shield A pair of shoe covers A front-closing laboratory gown One pair of powdered nitrile gloves A plastic face shield Answer: A plastic face shield should be used when splashing of hazardous drugs is possible. Intravesical administration carries a risk of splashing. Reference: Polovich, M. (2017). Safe handling of hazardous drugs (3rd ed.). Pittsburgh, PA: Oncology Nursing Society, p. 27. Adjuvant therapy for breast cancer is administered: after primary therapy to increase the chance of long-term, disease-free survival. before primary therapy to shrink a tumor that is inoperable in its current state. at any time during therapy to cure the patient and kill cancer cells. to locally treat cancer with minimal harm to normal cells. after primary therapy to increase the chance of long-term, disease-free survival. Answer: The goal of adjuvant therapy is to target minimal, residual disease for patients at high risk of developing metastasis. Reference: Polovich, M., Olsen, M., & LeFebvre, K. (Eds.). (2014). Chemotherapy and biotherapy guidelines and recommendations for practice (4th ed.). Pittsburgh, PA: Oncology Nursing Society, p. 5. Hormone therapy is effective for which two types of cancer? Breast and prostate Sarcoma and small cell lung Lymphoma and gallbladder Liver and chronic myeloid leukemia Breast and prostate Answer: Hormone therapy has been successfully used to treat breast and prostate cancers. Reference: Eggert, J. (Ed.). (2017). Cancer basics (2nd ed.). Pittsburgh, PA: Oncology Nursing Society, p. 259. A 25-year-old patient is being treated with temozolomide. The patient is instructed to: take the medication at bedtime on an empty stomach. divide the medication doses over 24 hours. consume a magnesium supplement with the medication. ingest the medication with a full glass of milk. take the medication at bedtime on an empty stomach. Answer: Patients are to be instructed to take temozolomide on an empty stomach at bedtime to decrease the risk of nausea and vomiting. Reference: Polovich, M., Olsen, M., & LeFebvre, K. (Eds.). (2014). Chemotherapy and biotherapy guidelines and recommendations for practice (4th ed.). Pittsburgh, PA: Oncology Nursing Society, p. 31(t). Which of the following chemotherapy orders should the nurse question? Intrathecal vincristine Intramuscular asparaginase Intraperitoneal cisplatin Subcutaneous bortezomib Intrathecal vincristine Answer: Vincristine is fatal if administered intrathecally. Reference: Polovich, M., Olsen, M., & LeFebvre, K. (Eds.). (2014). Chemotherapy and biotherapy guidelines and recommendations for practice (4th ed.). Pittsburgh, PA: Oncology Nursing Society, p. 47(t).