CRCST Practice Exams-Sect. 1 (Cleaning, Decontamination, and Disinfection) with correct answers

CRCST Practice Exams-Sect. 1 (Cleaning, Decontamination, and Disinfection) thermal disinfection - correct answer What type of disinfection uses heat to kill all microorganisms with the exception of spores? Antiseptic - correct answer What type of solution inhibits the growth of bacteria and is typically used topically only on animate objects? Mesophiles - correct answer ____________ are often pathogenic to humans because they grow best at body temperature. Brushing should be done under water - correct answer What technique should be used for brushing instruments? Deionization - correct answer The final rinse water used for cleaning should be treated through which of the following systems? Germicidal detergents - correct answer Which product is used to kill microorganisms? Iron and Pyrogens - correct answer ___________ in water can be removed by water softeners. 100 - correct answer The ideal chloride concentration for tap water is _______ ppm or less. Pre-filter - correct answer Water purification is normally performed through the use of which of the following? Cloudy - correct answer Turbid water has what kind of appearance? Immediately upon completion of an invasive procedure - correct answer When should the process of pre-cleaning be initiated? 100 - correct answer The ideal silicate level in water used for cleaning is _______ ppm or less. Heating/cooling therapy - correct answer Which process requires the use of deionized water? Iron and Silicates - correct answer Which type of water impurity will result in bluish or rainbow-like stains? removing soil - correct answer Which of the following is the primary purpose for using manual cleaners? Fats - correct answer For what is multi-enzymatic cleaning products containing lipase useful for cleaning? 6.5-7.5 - correct answer What is the appropriate pH for purified water? reverse osmosis - correct answer Entoxins, pyrogens, and bacteria can be removed from water using which process? blood-soaked sponges - correct answer Which of the following can be classified as regulated medical wastes? protease enzymes - correct answer Which of the following are commonly used to break down fatty tissue on instruments? All items should be washed on the same cycle - correct answer Which of the following statements about the use of mechanical washers is NOT true A. Multi-level trays should be separated B. Trays with lids should be opened C. Instruments should be disassembled and opened D. All items should be washed on the same cycle excess bubbles from the filling process reduce the energy of the cavitation process - correct answer For what reason should the water be degassed each time the tank of an ultrasonic cleaner is changed? Personal Protective Equipment - correct answer Specialized clothing or equipment worn by an employee for protection against biological hazards is referred to as what? using a to and fro motion with the grain - correct answer What is the appropriate method for cleaning aluminum items? Detergents - correct answer Softened water is not compatible with ______________. Cannot be immersed - correct answer Which of the following is FALSE regarding powered surgical instruments? A. Can be immersed B. Cannot be immersed C. Should be cleaned using a mechanical washer D. Should be cleaned at the point of use Manufacturer of the instrument - correct answer What entity should provide the written cleaning instructions for surgical instruments? They are fever producing substances - correct answer Which of the following is TRUE regarding pyrogens? A. They are fever producing substances B. They are soil particles C. They cause CD. D. They are microorganisms that remain after the sterilization process. neutral pH - correct answer What is the appropriate pH level for detergents used for the majority of cleaning processes? after cleaning - correct answer When should instrument lubrication be performed? Below 43°C - correct answer What is the appropriate water temperature in order to avoid the coagulation of proteins? detergent - correct answer What is the appropriate solution for cleaning instruments? low foaming - correct answer Detergents used in mechanical cleaners should be: Gluteraldehyde and OPA - correct answer Which of the following is classified as a high level disinfectant? A. Halogens and OPA B. Quaternary Ammonium Compounds and Phenolics C. Gluteraldehyde and OPA D. Gluteraldehyde and Phenolics Heated water - correct answer What is used during the thermal disinfection process? Halogens - correct answer Iodophors are a member of which disinfectant family? Sterilization - correct answer What process is used to completely destroy all forms of microorganisms? 5 minutes - correct answer For what time period must alcohol remain in wet contact with an item in order to achieve a reasonable level of disinfection? Intermediate to low-level disinfectants - correct answer How are phenolics classified? Antiseptics - correct answer Which chemicals are used on living tissue to slow the growth of microorganisms? critical items - correct answer What are items that are introduced directly into the bloodstream or other normally sterile areas of the body? phenolics - correct answer What would be the BEST choice for high level disinfection of instruments? flagella - correct answer Thread-like tails attached to cells that permit bacteria to move through liquids is known as: Ziehl-Neelsen - correct answer What type of stain test would be performed in order to identify bacterial traits? Spores - correct answer Microorganisms that are capable of forming a thick wall around themselves that enables them to survive in adverse conditions are referred to as: spherical - correct answer Cocci bacteria have what kind of shape? rod - correct answer Bacillus bacteria have what kind of shape? spiral - correct answer Spirillum bacteria have what kind of shape? binary fission - correct answer What is the typical method for bacterial reproduction? anaerobic - correct answer ______________ bacteria are capable of growing in the absence of free oxygen. 10% - correct answer What percentage of hospital in-patients will eventually develop a nosocomial (hospital-acquired) infection? infection - correct answer The invasion of the human body tissue by microorganisms which multiply and produce a reaction is known as 15 seconds - correct answer What is the minimum length of time Central Service Technicians should scrub their hands during a routine hand washing? 60-65 F - correct answer What is the recommended temperature for the decontamination area of Central Service? Fomite - correct answer __________ is defined as an inanimate object that can transmit bacteria. nucleus - correct answer The functional center of a cell that governs activity and heredity is known as: color change - correct answer The Ziehl-Neelsen stain is designed to classify bacteria according to what? positive - correct answer Using a gram-stain classifications, Staphylococcus, Enterococcus, and Streptococcus are all examples of gram-_____________ bacteria. contaminated - correct answer _____________ is defined as the state of being soiled or infected by contact with infectious organisms or other material. 1-2 microns - correct answer What is the size of the majority of bacteria? Vegetative - correct answer Sunlight is lethal to pathogens in which stage? Deionizing - correct answer The process of removing ions that have an electrical charge is referred to as: Cationic - correct answer What refers to compounds that contain a positive electrical charge and exhibit germicidal properties? Spores - correct answer A disinfectant is a chemical that kills the majority of pathogenic organisms EXCEPT for ________________. Anionic - correct answer What refers to compounds that have a negative electrical charge and form a large group of synthetic detergents? Quaternary ammonium compounds - correct answer Which disinfectant is often used for environmental sanitation on objects such as floors, walls, and furniture and is incompatible with soaps? Gluteraldehyde - correct answer Which disinfectant is used for semi-critical devices such as endoscopes and has sterilant capabilities? Alcohol - correct answer Which disinfectant has been in use for many years, is often used to disinfect equipment, and is inactivated by organic soil? Ortho-phthalaldehyde - correct answer Which disinfectant is effective at room temperature, provides a fast and effective method for disinfecting a wide range of items, has high-level disinfection capabilities, but is not classified as a sterilant? disinfection - correct answer The process of destruction of nearly all pathogenic microorganisms on an inanimate surface is referred to as: Bactericide - correct answer What is defined as the destruction of bacteria? Prions - correct answer What is defined as a small, proteinaceous, infectious disease causing agent that is believed to be the smallest infectious particle? Prions - correct answer What is responsible for causing spongiform encephalopathy and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease? Fomites - correct answer Fingernails, tissues, and money are all examples of what? Up - correct answer During the final step in hand-washing, the fingers should be rinsed with the fingertips in which direction? 60-90% - correct answer The most effective waterless hand antiseptics contain what concentration of alcohol? Cleaning - correct answer What is defined that the removal of contamination from an item to the extent necessary for further processing? Daily - correct answer How often should floors and work surfaces be cleaned? Personal Protective Equipment - correct answer Failure to wear ____________ ______________ _______________ may result in disciplinary action. Manufacturer's guidelines on device processing - correct answer What should be obtained prior to cleaning and processing a medical device? quality of water, amount of soil, water temperature - correct answer What three things should be considered when selecting a detergent? Soil - correct answer The clostridium botulinum bacteria is harbored in what? Acidic - correct answer a solution with a pH below 7 is considered: Alkaline - correct answer A solution with a pH greater than 7 is considered: Soil and water - correct answer What two things are major non-living reservoirs for infectious diseases? decreased friction during washing - correct answer Why are alkaline detergents the best choice for mechanical washers? Organic Acid - correct answer _____________ detergent would be the proper detergent for removing severe stains on stainless steel instruments. Distilled water - correct answer In order to prevent the formation of biofilm on instruments, the instruments should be rinsed with which of the following? Laparoscopic instrument - correct answer For what type of instrument would an ultrasonic lumen cleaner be used to clean? Alkaline wash, acid rinse, regular rinse - correct answer What is the proper process for mechanical washers to reduce the potential for instrument corrosion? 10^6 - correct answer A biological indicator should contain how many spores? Endospore - correct answer What is a resistant, dormant structure that is formed inside of some bacteria and can withstand adverse conditions? Mechanical washer - correct answer What piece of equipment loosens and removes debris through the use of sound waves traveling through liquid? sterile water - correct answer With what solution would you rinse instruments that have been processed in a liquid chemical sterilant? Decontamination - correct answer What is defined as the use of physical or chemical means to remove, inactivate, or destroy blood-borne pathogens from a surface or item? Bioburden - correct answer the term __________ refers to microorganisms on contaminated items. 10 - correct answer What is the appropriate number of air exchanges in the decontamination area? negative - correct answer The ventilation system in the decontamination are must be maintained at ______________ pressure. 7 - correct answer What is the appropriate pH level for a neutral solution? saline solution - correct answer What solution should NEVER be used to remove gross soil from instruments?