PEN1502 Assignment 1 Semester 2 2023 (ANSWERS)

PEN1502 Assignment 1 Semester 2 2023 (ANSWERS) QUESTIONS ASKED: Question 1 Not yet answered Marked out of 1.00 Flag question Question text According to which source is “corrections … the combination of public and private services with legal authority to provide care, custody, and control of those accused or convicted of criminal offences”? a. The White Paper on Corrections in South Africa. b. Fox and Stinchcomb (1994:13). c. Champion. d. Mays & Winfree (1998:27). Question 2 Not yet answered Marked out of 1.00 Flag question Question text ……….. impose punishment on those who are guilty of violating the law. a. Courts b. Correctional services c. Probation officers d. Social Development Question 3 Not yet answered Marked out of 1.00 Flag question Question text Awaiting-trial offenders have the following rights… a. they cannot be subjected to compulsory attendance of correctional programmes until they have been proven guilty. b. they may also not be compelled to wear the clothes provided to sentenced inmates. c. if their clothes are improper for whatever reason, the government must provide them with clothes, but these clothes may not be the same as those of sentenced inmates. d. All of the above. Question 4 Not yet answered Marked out of 1.00 Flag question Question text Large work teams need to be visited by senior officials who should also ensure that: a. The member in charge of the work team is provided with a two-way radio. b. Upon leaving the work area, offenders are searched to ensure that no contraband is taken into the correctional facility. c. Members of public do not communicate with offenders in working areas. d. All Answers are correct Question 5 Not yet answered Marked out of 1.00 Flag question Question text Attending to requests and complaints is the process where offenders are offered the opportunity to: a. Register their requests and complaints b. Visit their families. c. Do shopping d. All Answers are correct Question 6 Not yet answered Marked out of 1.00 Flag question Question text Courtyards and cells must, depending on the security level of the facility a. Be searched for contraband. b. Use the testing hammer daily to test the stability of grills. c. Daily search bars, frames, windows, walls, ceilings, floors, toilets, urinal wall tiles, light fittings, wash basins and pipes. d. All Answers are correct Question 7 Not yet answered Marked out of 1.00 Flag question Question text Reformatories are the responsibility of the… a. Department of Social Development. b. South African Police Service. c. Department of Correctional Services. d. Department of Education. Question 8 Not yet answered Marked out of 1.00 Flag question Question text During 1795, the colonial masters thought it proper to discontinue cruelty to offenders. This was also in response to the work of reformists who opposed cruel punishment such as.. a. Beccaria and Howard. b. Maconochie. c. John Montagu. d. Sir George Napier Question 9 Not yet answered Marked out of 1.00 Flag question Question text The 1900s, major changes took place in the penal system in the Orange Free State and Transvaal. This included… a. the introduction of pass laws that further increased the offender population. b. the East Rand Property Mines (ERPM) built a correctional facility to house 800 black inmates. c. a commission of inquiry was established to probe conditions in correctional facilities d. All of the above. Question 10 Not yet answered Marked out of 1.00 Flag question Question text Overcrowding in correctional centres has a negative impact on a. Rehabilitation. b. Parole. c. Sentencing. d. Placement. Question 11 Not yet answered Marked out of 1.00 Flag question Question text Which of the following options are not part of the mandate or purpose of the correctional system, according to section 2 of the Correctional Services Act 111 of 1998? a. Contributing to maintaining and protecting a just, peaceful and safe society. b. Enforcing sentences of the courts in the manner prescribed by this Act. c. Ensuring the punishment of sentenced offenders. d. Detaining all offenders in safe custody whilst ensuring their human dignity. Question 12 Not yet answered Marked out of 1.00 Flag question Question text Which of the following statements is correct? a. After the decolonisation of Africa, conditions in African correctional facilities did improve. b. After the decolonisation of Africa, conditions in African correctional facilities did not improve. c. After the decolonisation of Africa, conditions in African correctional facilities did improve for a short while. d. All of the answers are correct Question 13 Not yet answered Marked out of 1.00 Flag question Question text WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING OPTIONS WERE CHARACTERISTIC OF CORRECTIONAL FACILITIES IN THE MEDIEVAL PERIOD? a. Confinement in rooms and facilities like old cellar prisons and prison dens that were not originally constructed for punishing offenders and housing in one big bungalow and no single cells existed b. Places of detention were practically cages and correctional centres were built near or under the main sewerage system. c. The separation of offenders was accompanied by extremely severe punishment for criminal offences and instruments such as branding irons, stocks and pillories were used to torture and mutilate offenders. d. Offenders were no longer required to work outside the correctional facility and solitary confinement was used as a method of combating crime. Question 14 Not yet answered Marked out of 1.00 Flag question Question text Which prison system failed because of overcrowding that was so severe that it was a gross violation of human rights? a. Correctional supervision. b. Incarceration. c. Corporal punishment. d. Imprisonment. Question 15 Not yet answered Marked out of 1.00 Flag question Question text Which of the following sentences is NOT regarded to be noncustodial measures? a. Committal to any institution established by law b. Correctional supervision. c. Life imprisonment. d. Formal caution or reprimand (with a discharge). Question 16 Not yet answered Marked out of 1.00 Flag question Question text Which of the following statements is correct? a. The Cape was established by Europeans in 1651. b. The Cape was established by Europeans in 1653. c. The Cape was established by Europeans in 1652. d. All of the answers are correct Question 17 Not yet answered Marked out of 1.00 Flag question Question text Which prison system failed because of overcrowding that was so severe that it was a gross violation of human rights? a. The Cherry Hill System. b. Walnut Street Jail. c. Auburn System. d. Pennsylvanian System. Question 18 Not yet answered Marked out of 1.00 Flag question Question text Which prison system failed because of overcrowding that was so severe that it was a gross violation of human rights? a. The Cherry Hill System. b. Walnut Street Jail. c. Pennsylvanian System. d. Auburn System. Question 19 Not yet answered Marked out of 1.00 Flag question Question text Which of the following statements is correct? a. Physical restraint was rarely used in East Africa during precolonial times. b. Physical restraint was rarely used in South Africa during precolonial times. c. Physical restraint was rarely used in Central Africa during precolonial times. d. All of the answers are correct Question 20 Not yet answered Marked out of 1.00 Flag question Question text Which of the following statements is correct? a. Corporal punishment and the death penalty were rarely used in the traditional societies of Asia. b. Corporal punishment and the death penalty were rarely used in the traditional societies of East Africa. c. Corporal punishment and the death penalty were rarely used in the traditional societies of North Africa d. All of the Answers are correct Question 21 Not yet answered Marked out of 1.00 Flag question Question text The following sentences are regarded as non-custodial measures a. Correctional supervision. b. Incarceration. c. Corporal punishment. d. Imprisonment. Question 22 Not yet answered Marked out of 1.00 Flag question Question text The National Prosecuting Authority (NPA) has the power to institute criminal proceedings on behalf of the..... a. State. b. Political party. c. Public. d. Provincial government. Question 23 Not yet answered Marked out of 1.00 Flag question Question text The purpose of a correctional system is to contribute to maintaining and protecting a just, peaceful and safe society by: a. detaining all offenders in safe custody while ensuring their human dignity. b. Searching of courtyards and cells c. Taking care of awaiting trial offenders. d. All of the above Question 24 Not yet answered Marked out of 1.00 Flag question Question text The term offender refers to a a. Prisoner. b. Contraband. c. Correctional centre. d. Cell. Question 25 Not yet answered Marked out of 1.00 Flag question Question text To ensure that adherence is given to the Constitution, the Criminal Procedure Second Amendment Act 75 of 1995, provides the courts with the following authority: a. To regulate the detention of arrested persons. b. To provide for accused persons to be entitled to be released on bail in certain circumstances c. To give a court the discretion to postpone bail proceedings in certain circumstances. d. All of the answers are correct