Gould's Pathophysiology for the Health Professional FINAL

The potential unwanted, usually damaging outcomes of a primary condition or disease, such as paralysis following recovery from a stroke, are referred to as: - Sequelae The maintaining of a relatively stable internal environment by the body is called: - Homeostasis An area of dead cells resulting from a lack of oxygen, where the function of the tissue or organ may be lost, is called a(n): - Infarction The study of the physiologic (functional) changes as a result of a disease process is: - Pathophysiology The number of new cases of a disease in a given population noted within a stated time period indicates the __________________ of a disease. - incidence The term used to refer to undifferentiated cells that have variable nuclei and cell structures and is the basis for grading a tumor is: - Anaplasia A factor that can trigger an acute episode of a condition or disease is referred to as a(n): - Precipitating factor Neoplasm means "new growth" and is commonly called a: - Tumor _______________________ indicate(s) a high risk for the development of a certain disease or condition but not the certain development of the disease. - Predisposing factors Prevention of a disease is linked to both the _______________________________ for a specific disease. - etiology and predisposing factors Renal failure or the excessive loss of bicarbonate through severe diarrhea can result in the body pH imbalance referred to as: - Metabolic acidosis Hypokalemia can cause an irregular, abnormal cardiac rhythm referred to as: - Dysrhythmias Typical causes of dehydration include vomiting, excessive sweating, use of concentrated supplements, and: - Diabetic ketoacidosis Two thirds of the water in humans is contained in this fluid compartment: - Intracellular Decrease in bone density, especially in weight-bearing areas, and depression of neuromuscular activity are typical symptoms of the electrolyte imbalance referred to as: - Hypercalcemia Drugs that cause increased excretion of water through the kidneys and urine production are classified as: - Diuretics Hypoparathyroidism and malabsorption with effects such as tetany are characteristic of the electrolyte imbalance referred to as: - Hypocalcemia Hyperventilation as a result of high anxiety or high fever may result in a pH imbalance referred to as: - Respiratory alkalosis The condition of high serum potassium levels as a result of renal failure is referred to as: - Hyperkalemia Low sodium levels that may be caused by excessive sweating, vomiting, or diarrhea is a condition referred to as: - Hyponatremia Pain that lasts several months, often doesn't respond to pain therapy, and often has an unknown cause is referred to as: - Chronic pain Unmyelinated fibers that are involved in the transmission of chronic pain and thus transmit pain impulses slowly are: - C fibers Pain that originates in the skin, bone, or muscles and is conducted by sensory fibers is called: - Somatic pain Nociceptors are: - Free sensory nerve endings The level of stimulation required to perceive pain is called the pain: - Threshold A type of general anesthesia where the patient can respond to commands but is unaware of the procedure and does not experience any discomfort is called: - neuroleptanesia Myelinated nerve fibers that rapidly transmit acute pain information from the sensory fibers to the central nervous system are: - A Delta fibers The tract in the spinothalamic bundle that carries slower impulses for chronic or dull pain is the: - Paleospinothalamic tract The system that informs the brain of incoming pain stimuli is the: - Reticular activating system Pain that originates in the organs and is conducted by sympathetic fibers is called: - Visceral pain First-aid directives for injury-related inflammation often recommends this four-step approach: - Rest, ice, compression, elevation When scar tissue restricts the range of movement in a joint, which may eventually result in fixation or a deformity of the joint, this is referred to as: - A contracture The growth of children is often affected during the acute phase of burn recovery due to - Compromised metabolic needs