TEST BANK
Doing Ethics
SECOND EDITION
Lewis Vaughn
GANNON UNIVERSITY
B W • W • NORTON & COMPANY • NEW YORK • LONDON
42297_ch00.indd i 10/15/09 9:29
, W. W. Norton & Company has been independent since its founding in 1923, when William Warder Norton and Mary D. Herter
Norton first published lectures delivered at the People’s Institute, the adult education division of New York City’s Cooper
Union. The firm soon expanded its program beyond the Institute, publishing books by celebrated academics from America and
abroad. By midcentury, the two major pillars of Norton’s publishing program—trade books and college texts—were firmly
established. In the 1950s, the Norton family transferred control of the company to its employees, and today—with a staff of
four hundred and a comparable number of trade, college, and professional titles published each year—W. W. Norton & Company
stands as the largest and oldest publishing house owned wholly by its employees.
Copyright © 2010 by W. W. Norton & Company, Inc.
Composition by the Westchester Book Group
Editor: Peter Simon
Ancillaries Editor: Rachel Comerford
Production Manager: Ben Reynolds
W. W. Norton & Company, Inc., 500 Fifth Avenue, New York, N. Y. 10110-0017
www.wwnorton.com
W. W. Norton & Company Ltd., Castle House, 75/76 Wells Street, London W1T3QT
42297_ch00.indd ii 10/15/09 9:29
, Contents
Chapter 1 Ethics and the Examined Life 1
Chapter 2 Subjectivism, Relativism, and Emotivism 6
Chapter 3 Evaluating Moral Arguments 10
Chapter 4 The Power of Moral Theories 14
Chapter 5 Consequentialist Theories: Maximize the Good 18
Chapter 6 Nonconsequentialist Theories: Do Your Duty 22
Chapter 7 Virtue Ethics: Be a Good Person 27
42297_ch00.indd iii 10/15/09 9:29
, Chapter 1
Ethics and the Examined Life
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Ethics, or moral philosophy, is:
a. the scientific study of morality c. the philosophical study of morality
b. a branch of religion d. the study of social mores
ANS: C PTS: 1
2. Morality is:
a. a set of laws governing attitudes and behavior
b. the goodness of one’s character
c. the subjective sense of cultural norms
d. beliefs concerning right and wrong, good and bad
ANS: D PTS: 1
3. Descriptive ethics involves the systematic investigation of:
a. how people should behave c. what people should believe
b. how people do in fact behave d. how morality is derived from facts
ANS: B PTS: 1
4. The scientific study of moral beliefs and practices is known as _______ ethics.
a. normative c. descriptive
b. meta d. critical
ANS: C PTS: 1
Chapter 1: Ethics and the Examined Life 1
42297_ch01.indd 1 10/15/09 9:29
Doing Ethics
SECOND EDITION
Lewis Vaughn
GANNON UNIVERSITY
B W • W • NORTON & COMPANY • NEW YORK • LONDON
42297_ch00.indd i 10/15/09 9:29
, W. W. Norton & Company has been independent since its founding in 1923, when William Warder Norton and Mary D. Herter
Norton first published lectures delivered at the People’s Institute, the adult education division of New York City’s Cooper
Union. The firm soon expanded its program beyond the Institute, publishing books by celebrated academics from America and
abroad. By midcentury, the two major pillars of Norton’s publishing program—trade books and college texts—were firmly
established. In the 1950s, the Norton family transferred control of the company to its employees, and today—with a staff of
four hundred and a comparable number of trade, college, and professional titles published each year—W. W. Norton & Company
stands as the largest and oldest publishing house owned wholly by its employees.
Copyright © 2010 by W. W. Norton & Company, Inc.
Composition by the Westchester Book Group
Editor: Peter Simon
Ancillaries Editor: Rachel Comerford
Production Manager: Ben Reynolds
W. W. Norton & Company, Inc., 500 Fifth Avenue, New York, N. Y. 10110-0017
www.wwnorton.com
W. W. Norton & Company Ltd., Castle House, 75/76 Wells Street, London W1T3QT
42297_ch00.indd ii 10/15/09 9:29
, Contents
Chapter 1 Ethics and the Examined Life 1
Chapter 2 Subjectivism, Relativism, and Emotivism 6
Chapter 3 Evaluating Moral Arguments 10
Chapter 4 The Power of Moral Theories 14
Chapter 5 Consequentialist Theories: Maximize the Good 18
Chapter 6 Nonconsequentialist Theories: Do Your Duty 22
Chapter 7 Virtue Ethics: Be a Good Person 27
42297_ch00.indd iii 10/15/09 9:29
, Chapter 1
Ethics and the Examined Life
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Ethics, or moral philosophy, is:
a. the scientific study of morality c. the philosophical study of morality
b. a branch of religion d. the study of social mores
ANS: C PTS: 1
2. Morality is:
a. a set of laws governing attitudes and behavior
b. the goodness of one’s character
c. the subjective sense of cultural norms
d. beliefs concerning right and wrong, good and bad
ANS: D PTS: 1
3. Descriptive ethics involves the systematic investigation of:
a. how people should behave c. what people should believe
b. how people do in fact behave d. how morality is derived from facts
ANS: B PTS: 1
4. The scientific study of moral beliefs and practices is known as _______ ethics.
a. normative c. descriptive
b. meta d. critical
ANS: C PTS: 1
Chapter 1: Ethics and the Examined Life 1
42297_ch01.indd 1 10/15/09 9:29
