Episodic Memory 2023 (Questions with verified answers)

Episodic Memory Define correct answers Memories for specific personal experiences that are located at a particular point in time. -previous memories and thinking about the future (shaped by past experiences) How is Episodic Memory different from Semantic Knowledge? correct answers - Semantic is general world knowledge (simply knowing facts or that something happened) eg. remembering the personal circumstances of going to a movie (episodic) vs. knowing of the movie (semantic) Meaning & Memory: Bartlett's Approach correct answers - effort after meaning & semantic organization... - associations or meaning enhances encoding, storage and retention of semantic memory: LINKAGE to personal connections - Dual-coding Hypothesis Meaning & Memory: What is the Dual-Coding Hypothesis? correct answers - encoding words in terms of both their visual appearance and verbal meaning. - Easy to do with words that are imaginable (ie words for concrete images) and harder with abstract concepts (ie hope). Levels of Representation correct answers Events are processed at multiple levels (which each have a memory trace). - Varying components of experience - 3 levels of processing: 1. Shallow Visual Processing 2. Phonological Processing 3. Semantic Processing Levels of Representation: Levels of Processing: Shallow Visual Processing correct answers -the structure or form of stimuli (ie verbatim test) is processed (eg what words were there and what did they look like?) -SHALLOW: perceptual based: Superficial, no meaning attached Levels of Representation: Levels of Processing: Phonological Processing correct answers - Simplistic Physical Properties of speech eg. what does BONK rhyme with? How does it sound? - Still shallow, no real meaning attached. Levels of Representation: Levels of Processing: Semantic Processing correct answers - THE MEANING attached to stimuli eg. does this word fit into that sentence