Nur 403-Exam 2 With Extra Questions 

Ethics are - pp-declarations of what is right or wrong and what ought to be Ethical dilemma is a - pp-situation that requires an individual to make a choice between two equally unfavorable alternatives p127-a puzzling moral problem in which a person/group can envision morally justified reasons for both taking and not taking a certain course of action (Ex. how to allocate resources to two equally needy populations when they can only serve one) Bioethics are the - pp-ethics of life or death; healthcare related. it applies he knowledge and processes of ethics to the examination of ethical problems in health care Bioethical Issues are - -abortion, genetics/genetic research, fetal tissue research, organ transplantation, and children -use of scarce resources in prolonging life, right to die, advanced directive/living wills, right to health care Values - pp- ideals or concepts that give meaning to life p127- are beliefs about the worth or importance of what is right or esteemed Morals - pp-fundamental standards of right and wrong that a individual learns usually during childhood p127-is shared and generational societal norms about what constitutes right or wrong conduct Laws are - pp-rules of social conduct made to protect society Ethical issues are - moral challenges facing ourselves or our profession (ex. how to prepare an adequate workforce for the future.) Respect for Autonomy is - pp/p129-right to self determination of plan of care, independence, freedom unless those choices result in harm to another Beneficence means - pp-doing good Nonmaleficence means - pp-do no harm p129-adds that we always seek to produce the least amount of harm possible Justice is a - pp-obligation to be fair to all people Distributive justice is that - individuals have the right to be treated equally Veracity is - truthfulness Fidelity is a - obligation of individual to be faithful to commitments made to self or others Ethical decision making approach-Utilitariansim - pp-greatest good for the greatest number, end justifies the means Ethical decision making approach-Deontology - pp-a person should always be treated as ends in themselves and never as mere means to the ends of others Ethical decision making approach-Principlism - pp-uses primary principles of beneficence, distributive justice, respect for autonomy, and non-maleficence (too abstract)