HESI A2 Version 1 and 2 Correct Q&A 2023

HESI A2 Version 1 and 2 Correct Q&A 2023 Which of the following is a structure found in the upper respiratory? ** Pharynx A person who has damage to their ulnar nerve will have decreases sensation in ** . Arm Which bone dose not articulate with any other bone? ** Hyoid . Which of the following statements best describe endocrine glands? ** They secrete chemicals into the blood Diet is important because bone are storage places for ** Calcium and phosphorous Which organ is part of both the male reproductive system and the urinary system? ** . Urethra Ligaments provides with connection? ** Bone to bone What structure conduct urine from the kidney to the urinary bladder? ** Ureter Anaerobic respiration can lead to a burning sensation caused by with molecule? ** Lactic acid As part of the negative feedback system, which type of cell is stimulated to resorb bone matrix in response to a decrease in calcium in the blood? ** Osteoclasts Sweat on the skin's surface cools the body through which process? ** Evaporation When assessing a female client who describes herself as a vegetarian in the nurse notes that she has an unusual skin color. The nurse should ask the client if she has eaten large amount of: ** carrot and squash. Which hand position describes an anatomical position of a person who is standing erect with feet forward? ** Palms of the hand facing anterior Which structure is a ball and socket joint? ** Shoulder Which anatomical structure houses the malleus, incus, and stapes? ** Skull ear What are like cells grouped together called? ** A tissue . The pulse point located behind the knee is palpated over which artery? ** Popliteal Ceruminous glands secrete ** Ear wax What type of synovial joint is the elbow? ** Hinge What occurs when the sympathetic nervous system is stimulated? Increased ** Cardiac output Where does digestion begin in the digestive system? ** Oral cavity Which structure regulates the transport of substances in and out of a cell? ** The cell membrane The mediastinum is located within which cavity? ** Thoracic . What is the effect of serotonin, a neurotransmitter? ** Involved with mood, anxiety and sleep What is the response of cells in the collecting tubules in the nephrons when antidiuretic hormone AHD is secreted? ** . Water is reabsorbed from the urinary filtrate . What is the function of the thrombocytes (platelets)? ** . Play role in blood clotting Which muscle of the quadriceps femoris group lies on the slide surface of the lower extremity? ** Vastus lateralis Which structure is located on the sternum ** Xiphoid process The occipital region is located in which part of the body? ** Head Which structure carries oxygen to the cells? ** Hemoglobin Which gland is commonly known as the "Master Gland"? ** Pituitary Gland Aspirin occurs when there is a tear in which structures? ** Ligament What epidermal derivative is involved in temperature homeostasis? ** Eccrine gland Which statement are true about bone? ** Osteoblast,epiphyseal, diaphysis Aqueous humor is watery fluid in which part of the body? ** Eye The Malleus, Incus, and Stapes are located in which part of the body? ** Ear Dorsiflexion plantar flexion are types of joint movement that are associated with which part of the body? ** Foot Within which vessel does blood return from the lungs? ** Pulmonary vein . Which part of the brain is involved in auditory functioning? ** Temporal lobe What internal structure of the ear is concerned with hearing? ** Cochlea Fertilization of an ovum occurs in which anatomical structure? ** Fallopian tubes Where is the tubialis anterior muscle located? ** Lower leg An over-production of cerumen (earwax) can accumulate in which area? ** External ear canals The mitral value is located between which two structures? ** Left ventricle & Left atrium . The olfactory nerves is associate in which sense? ** Smell Vessel carries blood from the body to the heart? ** Vena cava . Hormone(s) is/are produced by the ovaries? ** Estrogen & progesterone Plane divides the body into right and left sides? ** Sagittal Two principles divisions that makeup nervous system? ** Peripheral (PNS) & Central (CNS) . The orthopedic surgeon informs you that you have broken the distal region of the humerus. What area is he describing? ** Epiphsis . Part of the brain attaches to spinal cord? ** Medulla oblongata 25. Which term is used to describe movement of the arms and legs away from midline of the body? ** Abduction Structure provides a pulse reading in the neck? ** Carotid Artery Which hormone is produce by the posterior pituitary gland? ** Oxytocin What is the primary function of the hemoglobin (blood)? ** Carry oxygen What stimulates the chemoreceptors to function? ** rise in CO2; Fall in o2 Which condition causes a client to say "I can't see far away"? ** Nearsightedness Anaerobic respiration can lead to burning sensation caused by which molecule? ** lactic acid Golgi apparatus functions as? ** process protein secreation. synthesize carbs and glycoproteins What organ produces insulin? ** panceas What effects do serotonin has or neurotransmitters? ** appetite, sleep, mood Fertilization occurs in the? ** oviduct When drawing blood from autecubital region which blood vessel is used to obtain blood? ** median cubital What hormone induces growth of pubic and axillary hair at puberty? ** Testosterone and estrogen Increase in rate of depth of breath results in what blood PH change? ** alkalosis . What lobe of the brain is responsible for auditory functioning? ** Temporal What is the function of the hypothalamus ** regulates function of body, balance, thermoreg How many carb per gram do carbohydrates contain? ** 4 When water molecules move across cell membrane from high to low concentration this process is called? ** osmosis What is the result of carbon dioxide in the body? `` ** body become more acidic What plane divides the body from left to right? ** sagittal plane What part of the body is the lower back? ** lumbar High levels of which ion would most likely result in a cardiac arrest? ** Potassium What blood vessel prefuses the kidney? ** Renal vein What glad is located on the anterior surface of the trachea? ** Thyroid Gland In white blood cells what contributes to phagocytosis? `` ** macrophages, neutrophils What part of the brain is attached to the spinal cord? ** medulla oblongata What structure of the eye picks out color? ** retina . What is the outer most protective layer of the skin? ** Epidermis The organ of corti is located in? `` ** Ear Where in the body are nutrients absorbed? ** Small intestine What cell structure regulates the transportation of substances in and out the cell? ** Plasma membrane The rough endoplasmic reticulum functions in the human cell to? ** Synthesize protein What is the response of cells in the collecting tubules in the nephrons when antidiuretic hormone ADH is secreted? ** water is reabsorbed from urinary filtrate Tissue repair is enhanced by a diet high in? ** Protein What is the definition of chyme? ** bolus that turns into soupy substance. The result of action by the stomach. What are hormones? ** chemical messengers What female reproductive organ produces oocytes, estrogen, progesterone ** ovaries What structure is located in the upper airways? ** nose, pharynx What cellular process helps to move debris and mucous through the lining of tubules? ** Cilia Which is a hollow organ? ** gall bladder Which muscle is included in the quadriceps femoris group? ** Rectus femoris, Vastus lateralis, vastus medilis, vastus intermedius Which structure is responsible for normal respiratory function? ** medulla oblongata The Mitral valve is located between which two structures? ** left atrium left ventricle Which hormone is produced by the posterior pituitary gland? ** ADH and OT Client has large pituitary tumor what part of the body does this effect? ** head hurt, sickness, low blood pressure Which structure produces B-lymphocytes? ** red bone marrow What occurs when the sympathetic nervous system is stimulation is increased? ** Blood pressure rises, goose bumps The buttocks are which surface of the body? ** dorsal . The esophagus is located in which body cavity? ** thoracic The tympanic membrane is located between which structures? ** external auditory canal and middle ear How many days is the average menstrual cycle? ** 28 days Which structure produces T-lymphocytes? ** thymas A person who has damaged the ulnar nerve will have decreased sensation in which area? ** arm -inability to adduct arms and fingers Calcaneus is located in? ** foot Urinary system in the human body primary task is to? ** expel waste Which of the following produce progesterone to prepare the uterus for pregnancy? ** Corpus luteum what are fingerprints made of ** Friction Ridges dac ABCD of cancer? ** Melanoma which of the following location would the urinary bladder & internal reproductive organ be found ** pelvic region which one increases angle at the joint ** extensor which hormone is release by posterior lobe ** oxytocin. order of organization of living things ** organelle, cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, organisms, populations, communities, ecosystem, and biosphere. what bones are formed first during intramembraneous ossification ** flat bone of face and cranial most obvious skin cancer ** basal cell carcinoma active transport ** requires energy and work from cell passive transport and examples ** doesn't require energy ex. diffusion and osmosis diffusion ** The passive movement of molecules or particles along a concentration gradient, or from regions of higher to regions of lower concentration. osmosis ** movement of water across a membrane fibrous joint ** immoveable and held together by ligaments only ex. teeth in socket cartilaginous ** connection between articulating bones made up of cartilage synovial joints ** highly moveable hinge, pivot, saddle two types of asexual reproduction ** binary fission and mitosis eustachian tube ** links the nasopharynx to the middle ear calciferol is controlled by ** parathyroid sebaceous gland ** secretes oil endocytosis ** engulfs and brings in exocytosis ** fuses within plasma membrane and releases content outside of cell pituitary gland produces ** adrenocorticotropic hormone GH adrenal gland secretes ** cortisol and aldosterone Aerobic respiration takes place in ** the mitochondria and requires oxygen and glucose, and produces carbon dioxide, water, and energy. Anaerobic respiration also produces ** energy and uses glucose, but it produces less energy and does not require oxygen. What part of the respiratory system is I the upper respiratory? ** Bronchioles, alveolar ducts, and alveoli aerobic respiration happens in presence of ** oxygen soft spot on baby head ** fontanelle what do endocrine hormones do ** growth metabolsim sexual development and function layers of epidermis (outer to inner) ** corneum, lucidum, granulosum, spinosum, basale can lily grant serena boys top of sternum ** manubrium parts of sternum ** manibrium body xiphoid what makes up most plasma ** water polypeptide are ** chains of amino acids Mitosis- ** the process of cell division that occurs in five stages before pinching two "daughter" cells in a process called cytokinesis Meiosis: ** to make haploid gametes and the production of germs cells Photosynthesis- ** precursor to the glucose molecule is produced in a process. Use sunlight to synthesize foods from carbon dioxide and water. Generates oxygen as a byproduct. the ribs are attached to ** the sternum auricle ** a thin pouch in the heart inspiration ** expands thoracic cavity seperates abdominal and thoracic cavity ** diagram distal convulted tubule controlled by ** PTH HCL chemical in stomach, why not absorbed/ harm stomach= ** mucus lining protects heart with largest layer ** left ventricle what makes colors of the skin ** melanin and melanocytes distal convoluted tubule works with hormone ** ADH oxytocin ** produced by hypothalamus and released by posterior pituitary ligament ** bone to bone tendon ** bone to muscle osteocytes ** bone forming cells 4 steps of bone ossification ** hematoma formation callus formation ossification bone remodeling gallbladder is part of ** digestive system vastus lateralis ** extends knee and stabilizes muscle contraction that moves food thru digestive tract ** peristalsis where are schwann cells ** nervous system how does nervous system work with muscular ** tells muscles how to respond to environment somatic nervous system ** voluntary movements autonomic nervous system ** involuntary movements (sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems) which organ system is responsible for regulating muscle growth ** endocrine how does lymph work with circulatory ** lymph draws excess fluid from the cells and deposits it into blood vessels function of parathyroid ** activation of vitamin D what is a normal beat ** 72 bpm 120 over 80 how is pepsin used in the body ** breakdown proteins esophagus is part of the ** digestive system which system produces antibodies ** lymphatic blood that has supplied nutrients and oxygen to heart msucle returns to right atrium via ** coronary sinus diploid ** 46 chromosomes haploid ** 23 chromosomes skeletal system function ** 1. protection 2. movement 3. mineral storage 4. production of blood efferent ** away from CNS afferent ** toward CNS Ovum ** a mature female reproductive cell, especially of a human or other animal, that can divide to give rise to an embryo usually only after fertilization by a male cell. Gamete ** a mature haploid male or female germ cell that is able to unite with another of the opposite sex in sexual reproduction to form a zygote. capillaries ** carry blood away from body in order to exchange nutrients oxygen and waste What is the exchang eof gases between the atmosphere and the blood through the alveoli called? ** A. External respiration Mostofthecarbondioxideintheblooddoeswhichofthefollowing? ** It is converted to bicarbonate ions by carbonic anhydrase within red blood cells. what are the two functions of the male and female sex organs? ** C. Production of gametes and production of hormones which tissue serves as the framework of the body by providing support and structure for organs ** connective what are the glands of the skin that produce a thin and watery secretion ** eccrine glands All actions of the nervous system depend on the transmission of nerve impulses over which of the following? ** neurons monocytes ** becomes macrophages lymphocytes ** important in immune system neutrophils ** phagocytize microorganisms in order for inhalation to occur ** contraction of the diaphragm, which enlarges the chest cavity and draws air functional units of the kidney ** nephrons when boxer gets hit and has deviated septum? ** vomer (in nose) Where does fertilization occur? ** fallopian tubes cellular contact is important for ** wound healing most abundant tissue ** connective tissue