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EU Institutions
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1) The European Parliament
.



•
) The only elected EU body

J Represents the EU 446 million inhabitants and plays a key role in electing the President of

the European Commission
•
> It shares power over the EU budget and legislation with the Council of the EU
•
> The
group of people who are elected in the countries of the EU to make and change
its laws


2) The European Council
•
) EU 's broad priorities are set by the European Council ,
which brings together national
and EU -
level leaders
•
) It is lead by its president and comprises national Heads of state or Government and

the President of the torn mission



3) The Council Of Ministers or the EU
•
) represents the governments of the individual Member States
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) The presidency of the council is shared by the Member States on a rotating basis



4) The European Commission
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) The EU 's executive body
•
) It is responsible for proposing and implementing EU laws , monitoring the treaties
and the day to day running of the EU
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) The group of people who are responsible for the work of the European Union and for

suggesting new laws



5) The European court of justice
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) highest court in matters of EU laws
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) It interprets and ensures equal application of EU law across all Member States


6) The European Court Of Auditors
•
) audits EU finances C revision de Cuentos )
•
) as an external auditor ,
it contributes to improving EU financial management and acts as

the independent guardian of the financial interests of EU citizens .




7) The European central Bank
•
) central bank of Europe's single currency , the euro
•
) its main task is to maintain the euro's purchasing power and thus price stability
in the euro area

, The European Union



1) Describe the main historic steps from the European coal and steel community to the present EU
over the past decades
European coal and steel community (ECSC )

•
) Was created in 1951 as a way to integrate the coal and steel industries of six European
countries including France , Germany , Italy and the Bene Ux countries .




•
) This marked the beginning of the European integration which aimed to promote peace
,


and prosperity on the continent after the devastation OF WWII


Treaties and agreements of the EU


•
) The Treacly Of Rome (1957 )

↳ this established the European Economic Community (EEC) ,
which aimed to create a common

market and reduce . barrios to trade and movement of people


•
) The single European Act ( 1988 )

↳ this aimed to complete the internal market by 1992 , including the free movement of goods ,
services , capital and people


•
7 The Maastricht Treaty (1992 )

↳ this created the EU and stablished the framework for common currency , the Euro



) The Treaty
•
Of Amsterdam (1997 )
↳ this strengthened EU institutions and introduced new policy areas , such as justice and

home affairs


•
) The Treaty Of Nice (2001 )

↳ this prepared the EU for its expansion to include more countries , including the former communist

countries of Central and eastern Europe


•
) The Treaty Of Lisbon (2007 )
↳ this reformed EU institutions and gave more powers to the European Parliament and national

parliaments


) In the past decade the EU has faced number of challenges including the global
•

, a ,


financial Cris!s.




,
the refugee crisis and the Brexit vote .

, key developments during this period

•
) The European Stability Mechanism (2012 )

↳ this created a permanent bailout fund for countries facing financial difficulties


) The European Refugee
•
Crisis (2015-2016)

↳ this led to the implementation of new policies to manage migration ,
such as the relocation

OF a European Border and Coast Guard


•
) The United Kingdom 's vote to leave the EU ( 2016 )
↳ the triggered a complex process of negotiations and a withdrawal agreement that ultimately
led to the UK's departure from the EU in 2020



•
) The Covid-19 pandemic ( 2020 ongoing ) -




↳ this Ied unprecedented challenges for the EU , including the need for coordinated public
health measures and economic support for member states



•
) Overall , the EU has undergone significant changes since the creation of the ECSC , and it

continues to evolve and adapt to new challenges and opportunities


2) What has the EU achieved since the foundation of the coal and steel community
(ECSC ) in the 1950s ?


a) Half a century of peace , stability and prosperity have considerably improved the
living standards of millions of Europeans .




b) Thanks to the abolition of border controls between most EU Member state , people can travel freely

throughout most of the continent . And it's become much easier to live and work abroad in Europe .




C) The single market enables most goods ,
services , money and people to move freely within the EU
and represents the EU 's main economic engine .




d) The launch of a single currency ,
the Euro ,
used in a majority EU Member States (19 out of 28)

further facilitated trade and travel .




e) The values of human dignity , freedom , democracy , equality ,
the rule of law and respect

for human rights are set out in the EU 's Charter of fundamental Rights .




f) A common foreign and security policy enables the EU to speak with a single voice in

world affairs .
The EU also acts as one in delivering development aid to non EU countries

following human rights issues around the world and managing trade relations with

non EU countries .