BIOLOGY EOC REVIEW|UPDATED&VERIFIED|100% SOLVED|GUARANTEED SUCCESS

ecology scientific study of interactions among organisms and between organisms and their environment biosphere part of Earth in which life exists including land, water, and air or atmosphere species group of similar organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring population group of individuals of the same species that live in the same area community assemblages of different populations that live together in a defined area ecosystem collection of all the organisms that live in a particular place, together with their nonliving environment biome group of ecosystems that have the same climate and dominant communities autotroph organism that can capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use it to produce its own food from inorganic compounds; also called a producer producer organism that can capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use it to produce food from inorganic compounds; also called an autotroph photosynthesis process by which plants and some other organisms use light energy to convert water and carbon dioxide into oxygen and high-energy carbohydrates such as sugars and starches chemosythesis process by which some organisms, such as certain bacteria, use chemical energy to produce carbohydrates heterotroph organism that obtains energy from the foods it consumes; also called a consumer consumer organism that relies on other organisms for its energy and food supply; also called a heterotroph herbivore organism that obtains energy by eating only plants carnivore organism that obtains energy by eating animals omnivore organism that obtains energy by eating both plants and animals detritivore organism that feeds on plant and animal remains and other dead matter decomposer organism that breaks down and obtains energy from dead organic matter food chain series of steps in an ecosystem in which organisms transfer energy by eating and being eaten food web network of complex interactions formed by the feeding relationships among the various organisms in an ecosystem trophic level step in a food chain or food web ecological pyramid diagram that shows the relative amounts of energy or matter within each trophic level in a food chain or food web biomass total amount of living tissue within a given trophic level biogeochemical cycle process in which elements, chemical compounds, and other forms of matter are passed from one organism to another and from one part of the biosphere to another evaporation process by which water changes from a liquid into an atmospheric gas