THE LYMPHATIC SYSTEM|UPDATED&VERIFIED|100% SOLVED|GUARANTEED SUCCESS

What are the three main functions of the Lymphatic System? 1) Drain excess interstitial fluid from tissue spaces 2) Transport dietary lipids 3) Protect against invasion by transporting immune cells and cleaning body fluid What is lymph? Lymph is interstitial fluid that has passed into lymphatic vessels What does Lymph do? -Lymph carries oxygen and other nutrients to the body tissue cells -Carries away waste products (CO2) that flow out of the cells -Contains WBC to help fight infections. What is Chyle? lipid rich lymph from intestinal region; intestinal trunk contains this fluid How is the Lymphatic system linked to the Circulatory system? -The lymphatic system is composed of lymphatic vessels, tubes that assist the cardiovascular system in the removal of lymph from the tissue spaces of the body. - The vessels then return fluid to the blood within the circulatory system. -The circulatory system is composed of arteries, veins, and capillaries. This system allows the lymph to travel to lymph nodes where it is filtered of bacteria and other foreign particles. What is in Lymph? -Waste ( CO2, NH3, metabolite products) - Water -Plasma Proteins -Old, damaged, dead/dying cells -Invaders( both living and foreign objects) What the pumps cause the lymph to flow? Skeletal Muscle pump- Compresses the lymphatic vessels and forces lymph toward the junction of the internal jugular and subclavian veins. Respiratory pump- Pressure changes that occur during inhalation and exhalation What are the Primary Lymphatic organs? What happens there? Red bone marrow and Thymus - Where stem cells divide and develop into B cells and T cells that are immunocompetent, or capable or mounting an immune response What two systems make up the circulatory system? Lymphatic and Cardiovascular What are the secondary Lymphatic organs? What happens there? Lymph capillaries, ducts, nodes, nodules, spleen and veins. -Used to move lymph -Where most immune responses occur What happens in the Lymph Nodes? Lymph is filtered and foreign substances are removed and destroyed by macrophages( phagocytosis) and lymphocytes (immune response) How many directions does lymph flow through a lymph node, and where does it enter? One-entering through the afferent lymphatic vessels Where does all of the lymph end up? In the blood How does lymph get back into the blood? Draining fro the Lymphatic ducts into the Subclavian veins How are lymph nodules different from lymph nodes? They are missing the capsule layer What is the sequence of fluid flow? Blood from capillaries looses fluid Fluid in tissue (or lipids in intestines) is picked up Drains into lymphatic capillaries Runs through lymphatic vessels - Afferent vessel Passes through lymph nose or nodules -exits in efferent vessels Vessels merge to form Trunks Trunks merge to form Ducts -Drain into subclavian veins Where does lymph come from? The fluid left behind in the blood capillaries that drains into the Lymphatic capillaries Describe the flow of lymph through a lymph node The interstitial fluid flows from the capillaries into the lymphatic afferent vessels that are blocked by one way valves. Fluid goes into the parenchyma 1) Trabecular sinus 2) Medullary sinus -Exits in efferent vessels (exit valve) What are the two portions of a lymph node and what is their main purpose? Stroma- Supporting/structural portion Parenchyma- Functaional portion Lymph nodules/follicles are mucous membranes of what four tracts?(GURR) Gastrointestinal, Urinary, Reproductive and Respiratory tracts What does MALT stand for ? What is it associated with? Why is it called that? Mucosa Associated Lymphatic Tissue. Lymph nodules/follicles Found in the mucus membranes of the GI, Urinary, Reproductive, and Respiratory tracts. What are lymph nodules/follicles? Masses of lymphatic tissue that are not surrounded by a connective tissue capsule found in the GURR tracts What are examples of lymph nodules/follicles? Tonsils, Appendix and Peyer's Patches of small intestines Describe the Stroma of a lymph node Surrounds the functional portion (parenchyma) of the lymph node Has outer capsule -Holds together when inflamed, becomes enlarged when fighting infection Composed of -Reticular Fibers -Fibroblasts