APHY 101 MIDTERM EXAM 2023 LATEST QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GRADED A+

What is the difference between anatomy and physiology? - CORRECT ANSWER Anatomy is the study of the structure of body parts, whereas physiology is the study of the function of body parts What are the levels of organization? - CORRECT ANSWER subatomic particles, atom, molecule, macromolecule, organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism What are the requirements of life? - CORRECT ANSWER Water, food, oxygen, heat, pressure What are the characteristics of life? - CORRECT ANSWER Movement (internal or gross); Responsiveness (reaction to internal or external change); Growth (increase in size without change in shape); Reproduction (new organisms or new cells); Respiration (use of oxygen; removal of CO2); Digestion (breakdown of food); Absorption (movement of substances through membranes and into fluids); Circulation (movement within body fluids); Assimilation (changing nutrients into chemically different forms); Excretion (removal of metabolic wastes) Define homeostasis - CORRECT ANSWER Body's maintenance of a stable environment What is a homeostatic mechanism? - CORRECT ANSWER the body maintains homeostasis through a number of self-regulating control systems; examples are regulating body temperature and pressure sensitive receptors to regulate body pressure Define matter - CORRECT ANSWER Anything that takes up space and has mass (weight). It is composed of elements. Define element - CORRECT ANSWER fundamental substance composed of chemically identical atoms Define atoms - CORRECT ANSWER smallest particle of an element; basic unit of matter What is the structure of an atom? - CORRECT ANSWER An atom consists of a nucleus containing protons and neutrons, with electrons in orbit around the nucleus. Atomic nucleus - CORRECT ANSWER the nucleus contains protons and neutrons Proton - CORRECT ANSWER subatomic particle that has a positive charge Neutron - CORRECT ANSWER subatomic particle that has no charge Electron - CORRECT ANSWER subatomic particle that has a negative charge Atomic number - CORRECT ANSWER number or protons in nucleus Atomic mass - CORRECT ANSWER number of protons plus number of neutrons What are covalent bonds? - CORRECT ANSWER Covalent bonds are formed when atoms share electrons to become stable with filled outer shells What are ionic bonds? - CORRECT ANSWER 2 oppositely charged atoms form this bond when electrons are transferred from one atom to another atom What are hydrogen bonds? - CORRECT ANSWER Weak attraction between positive end of one polar molecule and negative end of another polar molecule; formed between water molecules Define ion - CORRECT ANSWER When