Red HESI Test bank Med-Surg With Correct Answers

A. Monitor Blood Glucose Levels Cushing syndrome results from a hypersecretion of glucocorticoids in the adrenal cortex. Clients with Cushing syndrome often develop diabetes mellitus. Monitoring of serum glucose levels assesses for increased blood glucose levels so that treatment can begin early. A common finding in Cushing syndrome is generalized edema. Although potassium is needed, it is generally obtained from food intake, not by offering potassium-enhanced fluids. Fatigue is usually not an overwhelming factor in Cushing syndrome, so an emphasis on the need for rest is not indicated A low-calorie, low-carbohydrate, low-sodium diet is not recommended. Correct Answers Based on the clinical manifestations of Cushing syndrome, which nursing intervention would be appropriate for a client who is newly diagnosed with Cushing syndrome? A. Monitor blood glucose levels daily. B. Increase intake of fluids high in potassium. C. Encourage adequate rest between activities. D. Offer the client a sodium-enriched menu. B.While the nurse is taking the client's blood pressure, he has a carpal spasm. Rationale: A positive Trousseau sign indicates hypocalcemia and always requires further assessment and intervention, regardless of the cause (40% to 75% of those with acute pancreatitis experience hypocalcemia, which can have serious, systemic effects). A key diagnostic finding of pancreatitis is serum amylase and lipase levels that are two to five times higher than the normal value. Severe boring pain is an expected symptom for this diagnosis, but dealing with the hypocalcemia is a priority over administering an analgesic. Long-term planning and teaching do not have the same immediate importance as a positive Trousseau sign. Correct Answers The nurse is assessing a male client with acute pancreatitis. Which finding requires the most immediate intervention by the nurse? A. The client's amylase level is three times higher than the normal level. B.While the nurse is taking the client's blood pressure, he has a carpal spasm. C.On a 1 to 10 scale, the client tells the nurse that his epigastric pain is at 7. D.The client states that he will continue to drink alcohol after going home. C. Have you ever been frozen in one spot, unable to move?" Rationale: Clients with Parkinson disease frequently experience difficulty in initiating, maintaining, and performing motor activities. They may even experience being rooted to the spot and unable to move. Parkinson disease does not typically cause option A, B, or D. Correct Answers The nurse is completing an admission interview for a client with Parkinson disease. Which question will provide additional information about manifestations that the client is likely to experience? A. "Have you ever experienced any paralysis of your arms or legs?" B. "Do you have frequent blackout spells?"