Elementary Reading Methods and Interventions-C909 WGU Exam Graded A+

focal skills - ANSWER-retelling and describing characters. Personal assets - ANSWER-specific background information that students bring to the learning environment. Students bring interests, knowledge, everyday experiences, and family backgrounds that a teacher can use to support learning. Cultural assets - ANSWER-cultural backgrounds and practices that students bring to the learning environment, such as, traditions, languages, world views, literature, and art that a teacher can use to support learning. Community assets - ANSWER-common backgrounds and experiences that students bring from the community where they live, such as resources, local landmarks, community events, and practices that a teacher can use to support learning. metacognition - ANSWER-"Thinking about thinking" or the ability to evaluate a cognitive task to determine how best to accomplish it, and then to monitor and adjust one's performance on that task. constructivism - ANSWER-A philosophy of learning based on the premise that people construct their own understanding of the world they live in through reflection on experiences. 3 Phases of Construction-Integration Process - ANSWER-construction, integration, and metacognition. construction phase - ANSWER-lower-level processes such as: activating prior knowledge, retrieving word meanings, etc. integration phase - ANSWER-ideas from text are connected with what we already know, our prior knowledge, and new concepts that do not fit with the meaning of the text are deleted from our network knowledge. metacognition phase - ANSWER-a reader's awareness of how well he or she is understanding the reading and a reader's ability to control his or her own thinking. constructivist theory - ANSWER-Piaget's theoretical perspective that children construct an understanding of their world based on observations of the effects of their behaviors. Examples: reciprocal teaching/learning, problem-based learning. cognitive constructivist view of reading - ANSWER-Reading is a process in which the reader actively searches for meaning in what they read. sociocultural theory - ANSWER-the approach that emphasizes how cognitive development proceeds as a result of social interactions between members of a culture. Example: knowing people around you and their family backgrounds. reader response theory - ANSWER-an approach to understanding literature that focuses on the role of the reader in interpreting a story rather than just relying upon the author's version. experiential learning - ANSWER-Learning from experiences. Cognitivism - ANSWER-A theory of learning. The idea is that learning is a conscious, rational process. People learn by making models, maps and frameworks in their mind. ~ is the opposite of behaviorism. Oral Language Development - ANSWER-the system through which we use spoken words to express knowledge, ideas, and feelings. Stages of writing development - ANSWER-drawing, scribbling, letter like symbols, strings in letter, beginning sounds emerge, consonants represent words, initial, middle and final sounds, transitional, and standard spelling. conventional stage of writing development - ANSWER-children spell most words correctly, with reliance on phonics knowledge to spell longer words. Stages of Reading Development - ANSWER-1. Awareness and Exploration (prek) 2. Emergent (prek/K) 3. Early (K/1) 4. Transitional (1/2) 5. Fluent (3+) Emergent stage of reading development - ANSWER-children learn about directionality, left to right, top to bottom direction used for reading. They do not finger point or track words yet. stages of alphabetic phase - ANSWER-pre-alphabetic, partial alphabetic, full alphabetic, consolidated alphabetic, and automatic. Pre-alphabetic phase - ANSWER-read words by memorizing their visual features or guessing words from their context. Partial Alphabetic Phase - ANSWER-students recognize some letters of the alphabet and can use them together with context to remember sight words.