Pharmacology NCLEX-PN (Answered September 2022)

Pharmacology NCLEX-PN (Answered September 2022) Albuterol (Proventil HFA) two puffs and fluticasone propionate (Flovent Diskus) two puffs by metered-dose inhaler have been prescribed for a client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The nurse caring for the client provides instructions regarding administration of the medication. Which statement by the client indicates an understanding of how to take these medications? 1. "I will take the two puffs of the fluticasone propionate first and then the two puffs of the albuterol." 2. "I will take the two puffs of the albuterol first and then the two puffs of the fluticasone propionate." 3."I will alternate a single puff of each, beginning with the fluticasone propionate." 4. "I will alternate a single puff of each, beginning with the albuterol." 2. "I will take the two puffs of the albuterol first and then the two puffs of the fluticasone propionate." Disulfiram (Antabuse) is prescribed for a client who is seen in the psychiatric health care clinic. The nurse is collecting data on the client and is providing instructions regarding the use of this medication. Which is most important for the nurse to determine before administration of this medication? 1. A history of hyperthyroidism 2. A history of diabetes insipidus 3. When the last full meal was consumed 4. When the last alcoholic drink was consumed 4. When the last alcoholic drink was consumed A nurse is caring for a client with liver disease. Laboratory studies are performed, and the client's serum calcium level is 13 mg/dL. The nurse checks to see that which medication is available in the stock medication supply area on the clinical nursing unit that may be needed to treat this calcium imbalance? 1. Vitamin D 2. Calcium chloride 3. Calcium gluconate 4. Calcitonin (Cibacalcin) 4. Calcitonin (Cibacalcin) A client with carcinoma is admitted to the hospital for a chemotherapy treatment with intravenous bleomycin sulfate. The plan of care mentions observing for interstitial pneumonitis as the priority of care. Which assessment finding most closely correlates to symptoms of interstitial pneumonitis, requiring reporting? 1. Productive cough with thick, yellow sputum 2. Distended neck veins with pink, frothy sputum 3. Barking cough upon exertion 4. Lung wheezing and shortness of breath 4. Lung wheezing and shortness of breath Tacrolimus (Prograf) is prescribed for a client. Which of the following disorders, if noted on the client's record, indicates that the medication needs to be administered with caution? 1. Ulcerative colitis 2. Diabetes insipidus 3. Renal insufficiency 4. Coronary artery disease 3. Renal insufficiency A nurse employed in the emergency department is preparing to administer syrup of ipecac to a 7-month-old child. The nurse prepares 5 mL of the syrup and administers one half glass of water following administration of the ipecac syrup. Which response would the nurse expect? 1. Vomiting 2. Diarrhea 3. Increased level of consciousness 4. Elevated blood pressure 1. Vomiting A nurse is reinforcing dietary instructions to a client who has been prescribed cyclosporine (Sandimmune). Which food item would the nurse instruct the client to avoid? 1. Red meats 2. Orange juice 3. Grapefruit juice 4. Green, leafy vegetables 3. Grapefruit juice A client is being treated for acute congestive heart failure with intravenously administered bumetanide. The vital signs are as follows: blood pressure, 100/60 mm Hg; pulse, 96 beats/min; and respirations, 24 breaths/min. After the initial dose, which of the following is the priority assessment? 1. Monitoring weight loss 2. Monitoring temperature 3. Monitoring blood pressure 4. Monitoring potassium level 3. Monitoring blood pressure A nurse is reinforcing discharge instructions to a client receiving sulfisoxazole. Which of the following should be included in the list of instructions? 1. Restrict fluid intake. 2. Maintain a high fluid intake. 3. If the urine turns dark brown, call the health care provider (HCP) immediately. 4. Decrease the dosage when symptoms are improving to prevent an allergic response. 2. Maintain a high fluid intake. Docetaxel (Taxotere) is prescribed for a client with metastatic breast cancer. In addition, dexamethasone (Decadron) is prescribed to be administered before initiation of the docetaxel. The nurse tells the client that the dexamethasone is prescribed to: 1. Enhance the effects of the docetaxel. 2. Reduce the severity of fluid retention. 3. Prevent thromboembolic disorders. 4. Prevent neutropenia. 2. Reduce the severity of fluid retention. Streptokinase (Streptase) is being administered to a client following an acute inferior myocardial infarction. The nurse plans care, knowing that the primary purpose of streptokinase is to: 1. Reduce myocardial oxygen demand. 2. Inhibit further clot formation. 3. Prevent platelet aggregation. 4. Dissolve the thrombus. 4. Dissolve the thrombus. A client is seen in the clinic for complaints of skin itchiness that has been persistent over the past several weeks. Following data collection, it has been determined that the client has scabies. Lindane is prescribed, and the nurse is asked to provide instructions to the client regarding the use of the medication. The nurse tells the client to: 1. Apply a thick layer of cream to the entire body. 2. Apply the cream as prescribed for 2 days in a row. 3. Apply to the entire body and scalp, excluding the face. 4. Leave the cream on for 8 to 12 hours and then remove by washing. 4. Leave the cream on for 8 to 12 hours and then remove by washing. A nurse is assisting in caring for a pregnant client who is receiving intravenous magnesium sulfate for the management of preeclampsia and notes that the client's deep tendon reflexes are absent. On the basis of this data, the nurse reports the finding and makes which determination? 1. The magnesium sulfate is effective. 2. The infusion rate needs to be increased. 3. The client is experiencing cerebral edema. 4. The client is experiencing magnesium toxicity. 4. The client is experiencing magnesium toxicity. A client who is human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) seropositive has been taking zalcitabine (ddC) as a component of treatment. The nurse tells the client that which laboratory test will need to be monitored while taking this medication? 1. Glucose level 2. Platelet count 3. Red blood cell count 4. Liver function studies 4. Liver function studies The nurse administering medications to a group of clients notes a prescription to give a subcutaneous dose of heparin sodium. The nurse should do which of the following to give this medication safely? 1. Aspirate with the plunger before injecting. 2. Massage the site after injection. 3. Give the injection using a 25- to 27-gauge, ⅝-inch needle. 4. Withdraw medication using a ⅝-inch needle and then change to a 1-inch needle. 3. Give the injection using a 25- to 27-gauge, ⅝-inch needle. The nurse is analyzing the laboratory results of a client with leukemia who has received a regimen of chemotherapy. Which laboratory value would the nurse specifically note as a result of the massive cell destruction that occurred from the chemotherapy? 1. Anemia 2. Decreased platelets 3. Increased uric acid level 4. Decreased leukocyte count 3. Increased uric acid level The client has begun medication therapy with pancrelipase (Pancrease MT). The nurse evaluates that the medication is having the optimal intended benefit if which effect is observed? 1. Weight loss 2. Relief of heartburn 3. Reduction of steatorrhea 4. Absence of abdominal pain 3. Reduction of steatorrhea Sodium hypochlorite (Dakin's solution) is prescribed for a client with a leg wound containing purulent drainage. The nurse is assisting in developing a plan of care for the client and includes which of the following in the plan? 1. Ensure that the solution is freshly prepared before use. 2. Soak a sterile dressing with solution and pack into the wound. 3. Allow the solution to remain in the wound following irrigation. 4. Apply the solution to the wound and on normal skin tissue surrounding the wound. 1. Ensure that the solution is freshly prepared before use. A client with multiple sclerosis is receiving baclofen (Lioresal). The nurse monitoring this client should look for which of the following to indicate a primary therapeutic response from the medication? 1. Decreased muscle spasms 2. Increased range of motion of all extremities 3. Increased muscle tone and strength 4. Decreased nausea 1. Decreased muscle spasms A client with cancer is receiving cisplatin. Which finding indicates that the client is experiencing an adverse effect of the medication? 1. Tinnitus 2. Increased appetite 3. Excessive urination 4. Yellow halos in front of the eyes 1. Tinnitus The nurse provides medication instructions to an older hypertensive client who is taking 20 mg of lisinopril (Prinivil, Zestril) orally daily. The nurse evaluates the need for further teaching when the client states which of the following? 1. "I can skip a dose once a week." 2. "I need to change my position slowly." 3. "I take the pill after breakfast each day." 4. "If I get a bad headache, I should call my doctor immediately." 1. "I can skip a dose once a week." A nurse provides instructions to a client who has been prescribed betaxolol (Betoptic) eye drops for the treatment of glaucoma. The nurse instructs the client regarding the administration of the medication and about the importance of returning to the clinic for monitoring of the: 1. Temperature 2. Blood pressure and apical pulse