SYO 4250 Exam 1 Study Guide Already Passed

SYO 4250 Exam 1 Study Guide Already Passed ____________ is the social institution through which individuals acquire knowledge and skills and learn cultural norms and values, while ___________ refers to the organized form of learning that takes place within the education system. Education, schooling ___________ the scientific study of the interconnectedness between individuals and society. Sociology ________________ refers to the process by which we are sorted into different roles in society. Stratification Unlike the curricula explicitly taught in schools, the _____________ curricula is one we are often unaware of and it teaches "unspoken rules we should follow to be rewarded" which can be based on race, gender, and SES background. Hidden In the sociological imagination, Mills distinguishes between trouble and an issue. (A/An) _______ is a public matter. Some value cherished by the public is felt to be threatened. Issue In education, "___________ occurs when members of a society are trained for particular roles in the economy, polity, family or other institutions." Stratification Which of the following statements best represents the application of conflict theory to the current education system in the U.S.? Schools maintain an unjust capitalistic society, preparing some to be manual workers and others to enjoy positions of authority Cultural Capital Theory states that because schools reward the cultural capital of the upper-middle-class, schools _____________________________. Commit symbolic violence _______________ is a theoretical perspective that recognizes and examines the ways racism is embedded in the institutions that make up society and that education is reproducing racial inequalities through policies and everyday practices. Critical race theory The disparities in grade point averages; standardized test scores; high school completion rates; and college attendance among racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic groups is the ______________. achievement gap The _____________ is the idea that schools promote learning and sort and select students according to their abilities and not according to their social status. achievement ideology ________________ is a micro-sociological perspective concerned with social meanings and definitions. Symbolic Interactionist Perspective Grouping people according to their honor, prestige or religion and expressed by "shared lifestyles" is referred to as _____________________ (Weber). status The conflict theorists(s) _______ who defined social class by explicitly connecting individuals to their economic roles or their relationships to the means of production. Karl Marx ________________ is a system of inequality based on various factors, including wealth, income, prestige, and power. social class system According to Lareau's article, middle-class parents engage in _____ ______ by attempting to foster children's talents through organized leisure activities and extensive reasoning. concerted cultivation According to Lareau's article, working-class parents engage in ______ ________, providing the conditions under which children can grow but leaving leisure activities to children themselves. natural growth ______is a measure of income inequality often used to compare inequality across nations. Gini-coefficient _________ declared racial segregation in public facilities constitutional given the facilities were equal in quality. Plessy v Ferguson _________ generally refers to the lessons, academic materials, or plan of study taught in a school, program, or a specific course. curriculum Francis Bellamy introduced the Pledge of Allegiance in 1892 to encourage patriotism in response to many immigrants arriving at the end of the 1800s. The Pledge has been altered to address other concerns. Which phrase was added in 1954? "One Nation, Under God" What legislation supported the Nation's scientific superiority goal by providing funding for a new science curriculum and mandating new technologies in classrooms? National Defense Education Act What legislation ensured educational opportunities for all student populations, such as ensuring an increase in girls' gifted program opportunities in elementary school and increased college enrollment? Title IX Amendment to the Civil Rights Act Who wrote the American Spelling Book promoting "American English?" Noah Webster Scientific Racism the pseudoscientific belief that empirical evidence exists to support or justify racism Social Status System Prestige and power who proposed the "Bill for the More General Diffusion of Knowledge" to the Virginia Legislature? Thomas Jefferson