BIOD 121 (Portage): Module 3 Questions and Answers with complete solution

Energy balance - a state when one's energy intake is equivalent to the amount of energy expended Energy in equals energy out (calories consumed is burned through basic body functions + exercise - energy balance positive energy balance - occurs if more calories (energy) are consumed than expended examples of periods in life when you need to be in a positive energy balance state: - pregnancy, childhood, and adolescence in growth spurts 1 pound in a week is equivalent to : - 500 extra calories a day Hyperplasia - an increase in the number of fat cells often occurring during periods of growth, such as adolescence or pregnancy Hypertrophy - an increase in the size of fat cells, most often seen in periods of low growth and maintenance, such as throughout adulthood Negative energy balance - occurs if fewer calories are consumed than calories expended Examples of negative energy balance situations: - during illness or trauma, major burn injury, intentional act such as dieting to meet a weight loss goal Our sole source of energy intake is from: - food and beverages Energy can be expended naturally via _____________ , _____________, and _________________ - basal metabolism, the thermic effect of food, and thermogenesis