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notes on all of the AO1 and AO3 content in the relationships topic (AQA psychology)
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AQA Alevel Psychology Forensics Notes
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Gender and Culture Bias AQA ExamPro Questions by Topic
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Holism and Reductionism AQA ExamPro Questions by Topic
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selectionsexual
aidsuccessfulreproduction physicalcharacteristics in
Darwin'slisti sconceptofs exualselectionconcernstheselectionofthosecharacteristicsthat
amalepeacock'staila reasignofgeneticfitness Femaleswhoselectm aleswithsuchcharacteristicsaremorelikelyto producerobusto ffspring
isadaptivebecausetheyprovideanadvantageforamaleovercompetitorsforreproductiverights
aggressiveness
an
i sogamy andfemalegametesspermaresmallhighlymobile createdcontinuously
differencesbetweenmale invastn umbersfrompuberty
tooldageanddon'tn eedmuchenergytobeproduced eggsarelargestatic producedatintervalsforalimitednumberoffertileyearsand
requirea significantinvestmentofenergy afertilefemaleisrarer
c omparedtofertile
m ales
inters exualselection betweens exespreferredstrategyofthefemalequalityoverq uantityTriverslatefemalem anesagreaterinvestmentof
timeandcommitmentbeforeduringandafterb irth consequences ofmakingawrongpartnerc hoicearemoreseriousforthefemaleFemale's
optimum strategyistoselecta genetically
mating fitpartnerwhocanprovideresources Femalepreferencedeterminesw hichfeaturesarepassed
ontotheoffspringFishercia s onshypothesis genesweseetodayarethosethatenhancedreproductivesuccess
so developedasexy
intrasexualselection withineachsexpreferredstrategyofthemalequantityoverq ualitycompetitionbetweenmalestobeselectedtomatewit
hischaracteristicsarepassedon Dimorphism malesandfemalesenduplookingverydifferenteglargerma
afemalethewinnerreproducesand
everfemalesdon'tcompeteforreproductiverightssothereisnoevolutionaryd rivetowards
haveanadvantagenow favouringlargers e
m ales
Femaleyouthfulnessisselectedbecause
menwantyoungermorefertilewomen andaggressionarepassedo ntoour
Deceitfulness intelligence comp
rivalsmalesbenefitfrombehavingaggressivelytoprotectfemalesf romcompetingm ales
n asalsentm aleand
Researchsupportforinters exuals electiondarnandHatfield femalestudentsouta crossauniversitycampusthey
o ther
approached students saidIhavebeennoticingyouaroundcampus Ifindyoutobeveryattractivewould
and yougotobedwithmetonight
notasinglefemaleagreed ist ofmalesaidimmediatelysupportsthatfemalesarechoosier
counterpointsexuals electionistoo
simplisticsexualstrategies thatb othm alesandfemalesadopts imilarm atingstrategieswne
t heoryargues
inglongtermrelationshipsBothlookforsomeonelovingloyalandkind
seen
nasalsurveyofloooo adultsin33countriesFoundthatfemalesp laceagreatervalueon
Researchsupportforintrasexuals electionBuss
valuedphysicalattractivenessandyouth
resourcerelatedcharacteristicsmen
sociala ndculturali nfluencesunderestimated partnerp referencesinfluencedbychangingsocialnormsDevelopm uchfaster
thanevolutionary
h avecomea boutd uetoculturalfactorswomensg reaterroleintheworkplacemeansthey'renolongerd ependentonmento
and
timescalesimply
fort hemBerenicei etalHaatwomen'spreferencesmaynolongerberesourceoriented
provide
sexualselectionandHomosexualitysexualselectioncantexplainpartnerp referencesofgaymenandlesbianwomen In homosexualrelationship
notassessinggeneticfitnessLawsonetal
partnersare nowlookedatpersonalausplacedbyheterosexualandhomosexualmenandwomen
thatp referencesofhomosexualmenandwomendifferjusta stheydoforheterosexualmenandwomen
Found
, selfdisclosure
revealingpersonali nformationromantic revealmore
p artners trues elvesastheirrelationshipdevelopscanstrengthenaromanticbond
a bouttheir
selftosomeoneInvolvesthereciprocalexchangeofinformationbetweeni ntimate
socialpenetrationtheorygradualprocessofrevealingyouri nner
partnersasthey moreand
d isclose morepartnerspenetratemore intoeacho therslivesandgainabetteru nderstandingofe achother
d eeply
breadthand
depthofs elfdisclosure anddepthincreaseromanticpartnersbecomem orecommittedtoeacho thermetaphorofm any
asbreadth
layersofanonionwedisclosealotatthestarto fa relationshipbutw hatwerevealissuperficial Ifwerevealtoomuchtoosoonitmightthreaten
therelationshipbeforeit'sevens tartedasarelationshipdevelopsselfdisclosurebecomesd eepereventuallywearepreparedtorevealintimatehigh
riski nformationDep enetration dissatisfiedpartnersselfdiscloselessastheyg raduallydisengagefromtherelationship
reciprocityof h aved ecidedtodisclosesomethinghopefullyyourp artnerw illrespondin awaythatisrewardingthereis
selfdisclosure onceyou
p artnersinasuccessful
balanceofselfdisclosurebetweenboth anddeepenstherelationsn
romanticrelationshipwhichincreasesfeelingsofintimacy
researchsupportsprecherandHenaricuczonis tudiedheterosexualcouplesa nd
foundstrongcorrelationsbetweenm easuresofsatisfactionand
selfdisclosure relationshipsarecloserandmoresatisfyingw hendisclosureisreciprocatedIncreasesvalidityoftheory
thatg reaterselfdisclosurecreatesmoresatisfactionbutthecorrelation
selfdisclosureresearchiscorrelationala ssumed
counterpointmuch
tellu sifthisisvariamaybethat
doesnt themores atisfiedtheyarethemoret heyselfdisclosuremaybeathirdvariable
realworldapplication Haasandstaffordciaasifoundthatsti ofhomosexualmenandwomensaidthatopenandhonestselfdisclosurewas
themainwaytheymaintainedanddeepenedtheirrelationships
womenintheusselfdisclosuremoresexualthough
culturaldifferencestangetalnois reviewedresearchintosexualselfdisclosure menand
thaninchinalevelsofsatisfactionwerenodifferentthanthoseintheus
ingtothesocialpenetrationtheoryromanticrelationshipsbecomemoresatisfyingasselfdisclosureincrease
selfDisclosureandBreakdownancora
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