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Samenvatting Cellen en Weefsels hoofdstuk 6 Transcriptie en RNA processing

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Complete samenvatting H6 hoofdstuk 6 Transcriptie en RNA processing

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Transcriptie en RNA processing
donderdag 8 september 2022
10:18
Kennisclip I

> Transcriptie

RNA polymerase
- van 3' -> 5' over template streng, nieuwe van 5´ -> 3'
- minder precies dan DNA pol
> geen primer nodig, dus minder controle op goede base
> matige proofreading
- even snel als eukaryoot DNA pol
- processief
> geen sliding clamp nodig
> RNA kopie in 1 keer afgemaakt
- lijkt niet op DNA polymerase, onafhankelijk in evolutie

Bacteriële transcriptie
1. RNA pol begint op promotor mbv sigma factor (o)
2. DNA duplex gaat open -> RNA pol maakt transcript
3. abortive initiatie: RNA pol teruggetrokken naar promotor door sterke binding sigma factor
4. sigma factor diffundeert weg, transcript wordt verlengd tot terminator (AT met daarvoor hairpin
van inverted repeats) -> minder interactie transcript met RNA pol -> RNA pol valt eraf
5. RNA pol bindt sigma factor opnieuw

, Typen RNAs




RNA polymerases in eukaryoten
I) maakt ribosomaal RNA
II) synthese mRNA en korte RNA's
III) transcriptie korte RNA's (tRNA)

Bacterieel VS eukaroot
Bacterieel: geen modificaties + polycistronic
Eukaryoot: monocystronic + cap + polyAstaart




RNA polymerase II
- begint op promotor: BRE + TATA (-30/-25)
> TATA binding protein herkent TATA -> buigt sequentie -> andere initiatiefactoren
herkennen zo promoter
- TFIIH: grote transcriptiefactor
> helicase activiteit: DNA openen mbv ATP
> kinase activiteit: fosforyleert RNA pol staart -> RNA pol komt los van initiatieplek ->
elongatie

Werkt ook als fabriek die mRNA processing enzymen meedraagt op de staart
Binding enzymen hangt af van fosforylatie staart
- Ser5 gefos tijdens initiatie

Connected book
 image
Bruce Alberts, Alexander Johnson Molecular Biology of the Cell
Publisher: Unknown ISBN: 9780393884852 Edition: 22007

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